An investigation into combined concentrated photovoltaic and fluidic thermal extraction in harnessing the power of the sun

Emerging technologies within the renewable energy sector have shown great potential for more efficiently harnessing energy through the power of the sun. Today´s technology in concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) receivers allows conversion capabilities exceeding 40% efficiency [1], with one caveat; they must be operated within a temperature range of 100-180 degrees Celsius to maintain maximum efficiency. Currently, temperature is regulated through the use of aluminum heat sinks. While effective at dissipating heat, this dissipation represents a considerable source of “wasted” energy. This research paper examined, by testing and analysis, additional gains in solar efficiency available through a combination of solar photovoltaic and solar thermal energy extraction. Our system design included the utilization of a parabolic reflector, CPV receivers, and fluidic thermal extraction mechanisms (along with their associated subsystems.) A data acquisition system recorded information to analyze and determine efficiency capabilities based on the combination of current technologies. Currently, thermal extraction solar fields operate at 14-20% peak plant efficiency, and CPV solar fields operate at 30% peak plant efficiency [2]. Our innovative design successfully obtained a theoretical targeted combined efficiency of 45%, which allows solar energy levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) to be fiscally competitive with coal power plants [3]. Since target efficiencies have been met, this combined method of harnessing solar energy may potentially allow the maintenance of current consumer energy costs while drastically reducing greenhouse gas emissions.