Review on different control techniques of photovoltaic generation

Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has witnessed double digit growth in the past decade. Solar energy is one of the most promising renewable resources that can be used to produce electric energy through photovoltaic process. A significant advantage of photovoltaic systems is that the use of the abundant and free energy from the sun. Large penetration levels of distributed renewable resources in power distribution systems, especially photovoltaic generators, can potentially impose a paradigm shift in the design, operation, protection and control of the distribution systems(DS). The penetration of PV systems as distributed generators in low-voltage grids has also seen significant attention. In addition, the need for higher overall grid efficiency and reliability has boosted the interest in the microgrid concept. High-efficiency PV-based microgrids require maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controllers to maximize the harvested energy due to the nonlinearity in PV module characteristics. Maximum power transfer in solar microgrid applications is achieved by impedance matching with a dc-dc converter with maximum power point tracking by the incremental conductance method(ICM). Perturb and observe (P&O) techniques, although thoroughly investigated in previous research, still suffer from several disadvantages, such as sustained oscillation around the MPP and microgrid.