A novel echo-hiding scheme with backward and forward kernels

The paper presents a novel echo-hiding method for audio watermarking. The method is quite different from previous echo-hiding methods since it presents a new echo kernel which introduces a forward kernel as well as a backward kernel. The new kernel, a combination of the backward and forward kernels, can enhance considerably the watermark detection rate. Thus, it is possible to reduce echo amplitude. The paper proves mathematically that the combination of kernels improves watermark performance. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking scheme is much better than previous echo-hiding schemes in terms of detection rate and imperceptibility.