Microwave signal conditioning through non-reciprocal phase shifting

Two non-reciprocal microwave signal conditioning circuits, a non-reciprocal phase shifter and a quasi-circulator, are proposed as based on the use of active microwave devices. Analytical expressions are derived to demonstrate the principles of operation and prototypes are presented both in hybrid and monolithic form. The hybrid structures operate in the L-band, whereas the monolithic ones are designed for X-band operation, and demonstrate the compactness and performance of the proposed topologies.