The solution of scientific and engineering problems in the development of electrical generating plant

Developments in large generating plant since the early 1960s are considered and some of the problems encountered during this period are described. These problems were tackled jointly by the operators and the manufacturers and were solved using a wide range of scientific and engineering methods. Different approaches to the design of large 500 MW generators are analysed, and these approaches are correlated to the risks and subsequent operating experience. It is shown how the successful solution of the problems led to the design of a range of larger generators having high reliability. Modern analytical techniques are described such as finite-element analysis of thermal and mechanical stresses, as well as of fields and electromagnetic stresses. Reference is made to the use of fracture mechanics to analyse the integrity of a large generator. Developments in large generator transformers are also considered, and a number of problems and their solution are described. In particular, the analysis of an overheating condition is considered, with the successful use of the information to prevent a further failure