A uniformly valid loaded antenna theory

A quasi-static layered approximation is used to simplify the layered solution for insulated antennas to the solution of a generalized impedance boundary value problem, whose solution is expressed in terms of an integral. This integral applies to insulated antennas imbedded in a dense medium, insulated antennas imbedded in air (dielectric-coated antennas), and impedance-loaded antennas, all referred to as loaded antennas. The branch cut contribution for large distances is given by the Sommerfeld space wave formula. The physical transition of loaded antennas to bare antennas is investigated through the asymptotic evaluation of this integral. Simple uniform formulas for loaded antenna current are derived and generalized to cover the same range of validity as the integral. The direct calculation of the input admittance is consistent with the derived uniform formula for antenna current. For insulated antennas in a dense medium, the complete transmission line theory describes the antenna current through the transition to bare antennas