On the Beginnings of Computer Development in Poland

Development of computers in Poland began at the end of 1948 with the formation of the Group for Mathematical Apparatus of the Mathematical Institute in Warsaw. The beginning was not easy because at that time Warsaw was still rebuilding after the destruction of World War II. The first analogue computer, called the "Analyzer of Differential Equations, " was completed in 1954 and then regularly used for several years. The first successful digital computer, called XYZ, was completed in 1958. It performed about 800 operations per second and became a milestone in the development of Polish computers. Soon the XYZ computer was improved and, under the name ZAM 2, was manufactured and installed in many places in Poland and abroad. As asset of XYZ and ZAM 2 was the system of Automatic Coding, introduced in 1960 and often called a Polish FORTRAN.