Author_Institution :
Aeronomy Laboratory, ESSA Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colo.
Abstract :
Plasma wave features appearing on topside ionograms which occasionally exhibit structure due to the sidebands of the transmitted frequency spectrum include the O, X, Z, oblique-Z, and ducted traces; and plasma, electron-cyclotron, and electron-cyclotron harmonic resonances. The sidebands provide information on the nature of the features, aid in their identification, and improve the frequency and spatial resolution of the data.
