Mobility management architectures based on joint mobile IP and SIP protocols

In the all-IP wireless networks beyond the third generation, mobility management can be effectively achieved by applying mobile IP (MIP) and the session initiation protocol (SIP) jointly. Nevertheless, an efficient combination of both protocols remains an open research issue. Conventional hybrid MIP-SIP mobility architectures operate MIP and SIP almost independently, resulting in significant redundant costs. This article investigates the representative hybrid MIP-SIP architectures and explores the joint optimizations between MIP and SIP for a more cost-efficient mobility support whilst utilizing their complementary power. Two novel design approaches are presented. The first approach culminates in a tightly integrated architecture, which merges the redundant mobility entities in MIP and SIP to yield maximum system efficiency. The other approach leads to a loosely integrated architecture, where necessary interactions are introduced between MIP and SIP mobility servers while their physical entities are kept intact. Major mobility procedures, including location update, session setup and handoff, are discussed in these architectures. The analytical results demonstrate that both proposed architectures outperform typical hybrid MIP-SIP architectures in terms of clear-cut reduced signaling costs