Convolution Constraints for Broadband Antenna Arrays

Directional constraints are imposed on the weights of an antenna array to obtain solutions of some constrained beamforming problems. For broadband antenna arrays, formulation of a constrained beamforming problem typically requires presteering the array using steering delays. These delays create implementation problems and cause loss of system performance in the presence of implementation errors. This paper presents new kind of constraints referred to as convolution constraints, which are easy to implement, eliminate the need for presteering the array and can be used for broadband pattern synthesis. Examples are presented to demonstrate many applications of these constraints on an array weights.