Bubble dynamics in gap-tolerant permalloy propagation circuits

Bubble domain dynamics in typical gap-tolerant Permalloy propagation circuits, such as asymmetric chevrons and half-disks, was studied by the use of a stroboscopic technique. A comparison was made of bubble dynamics in these circuits with their stability margins as a function of the drive field Hdrand rotation frequency fr. Permalloy propagating elements that have the smoothest bubble motion have the widest stability margins at high frequencies.