Calculation of 3D eddy current problems by finite element method using either an electric or a magnetic vector potential

The authors review the theories that they have used to develop two finite-element software packages. One uses a magnetic vector potential combined with an electric scalar potential in conducting regions and only the magnetic vector potential elsewhere. The second formulation is based on an electric vector potential and a magnetic scalar potential whereby only the latter is used in conducting regions. A way to obtain unique solutions by satisfying the divergence condition of the vector potentials is shown. Calculations for several problems are reported, showing the efficiency of the codes. The pros and cons of both formulation are discussed