Title :
An asynchronously controlled EEG-based virtual keyboard: improvement of the spelling rate
Author :
Scherer, Reinhold ; Müller, Gernot R. ; Neuper, Christa ; Graimann, Bernhard ; Pfurtscheller, Gert
Author_Institution :
Graz Univ. of Technol., Austria
fDate :
6/1/2004 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
An improvement of the information transfer rate of brain-computer communication is necessary for the creation of more powerful and convenient applications. This paper presents an asynchronously controlled three-class brain-computer interface-based spelling device [virtual keyboard (VK)], operated by spontaneous electroencephalogram and modulated by motor imagery. Of the first results of three able-bodied subjects operating the VK, two were successful, showing an improvement of the spelling rate σ, the number of correctly spelled letters/min, up to σ=3.38 (average σ=1.99).
Keywords :
electroencephalography; handicapped aids; spelling aids; virtual reality; asynchronously controlled EEG-based virtual keyboard; asynchronously controlled three-class brain-computer interface-based spelling device; brain-computer communication; information transfer rate; motor imagery; spelling rate improvements; Bioelectric phenomena; Biomedical informatics; Birth disorders; Brain computer interfaces; Communication aids; Communication channels; Communication system control; Electroencephalography; Humans; Keyboards; Algorithms; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Communication Aids for Disabled; Computer Peripherals; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Humans; Information Storage and Retrieval; Online Systems; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; User-Computer Interface; Word Processing;
Journal_Title :
Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TBME.2004.827062
