بررسي كارايي دوزهاي كاهش يافته علف كش اگزاديارژيل دركنترل علف هاي هرز سيبزميني (Solanum tuberosum) در مراحل مختلف رشدي

Efficacy of Oxadiargyl Reduced Doses for the Control of Weeds in Potato (Solanum tuberosum) with Different Application Timing

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دوزﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ اﮔﺰادﯾﺎرژﯾﻞ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﭘﺲروﯾﺸﯽ در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﻣﺰارع ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪاي در ﺳﺎل 1392 در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ آﻻروق اردﺑﯿﻞ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار و روي رﻗﻢ آﮔﺮﯾﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول ﻫﻔﺖ دز ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ اﮔﺰادﯾﺎرژﯾﻞ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻔﺮ، 0/05 ، 0/1 ، 0/2 ، 0/6 ،0/4 و 0/8 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﺎده ﻣﺆﺛﺮه در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم زﻣﺎن ﺳﻤﭙﺎﺷﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ، اﺳﺘﻮﻟﻮنزاﯾﯽ و ﺣﺠﯿﻢﺷﺪن ﻏﺪه ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد دوز 0/8 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﺎده ﻣﺆﺛﺮه در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ و زﯾﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 48/40 و 66/10 درﺻﺪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ دز 0/6 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﺎده ﻣﺆﺛﺮه در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. در ﺑﯿﻦ زﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ اﮔﺰادﯾﺎرژﯾﻞ، ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ و زﯾﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪي ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮدن ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ اﮔﺰادﯾﺎرژﯾﻞ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از ﺳﻮﯾﯽ دﯾﮕﺮ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﮔﺰادﯾﺎرژﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 0/8 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﺎده ﻣﺆﺛﺮه در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﺒﺰﺷﺪن ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ، ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وزن ﻏﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻞ ﻏﺪه در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر را اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮد اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻏﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﮑﺮد

In order to study the effect of reduced doses of oxadiargyl, on weeds control in potato, a field experiment was conducted at Alaroog Research Station in Ardabil during 2013. Experiment arrangement was factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. First factor included seven reduced dosages of oxadiargyl (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 L a.i/ha) and second factor included oxadiargyl application timing (potato emergence, stoloning and tuber bulking). The results showed that application of 0.8 L a.i/ha of oxadiargyl reduced weed density and biomass to 48.40 and 66.16 percent, respectively which was not significantly different from applying 0.6 L a.i/ha. Maximum reduction percentage of weed density and biomass on the different potato growth stages was at potato emergence stage, which provided the best effectiveness of the oxadiargyl. On the other hand, application of 0.8 L a.i/ha oxadiargyl at potato emergence stage caused the highest mean of tubers weight per plant and total tuber yield, but was not significant on the tuber number per plant.