سنجش و ارزيابي توسعۀ پايدار محله‌اي در شهر تهران (مطالعۀ موردي: محله‌هاي ولي‌عصر شمالي، آشتياني، نيلوفر و اماميه)

Estimation and Evaluation of Sustainability neighborhood in the City of Tehran, Case study: Valiasr shomali Neighborhoods, Ashtiani, Niloufar and Imamiye

محله به‌عنوان كوچك‌ترين سلول زندگي شهري، داراي درون‌مايه‌هاي عظيم اجتماعي و فرهنگي است و با بازآفريني فرهنگ شهروندي، زمينۀ توسعۀ پايدار را در سطح شهر و جامعه فراهم مي‌سازد. براين­اساس، در اين پژوهش به سنجش و ارزيابي وضعيت توسعۀ پايدار محله‌اي در محله‌هاي ولي­عصر شمالي، آشتياني، نيلوفر و اماميۀ شهر تهران پرداخته شده است. پژوهش حاضر به­لحاظ هدف كاربردي است. ابتدا با استفاده از مطالعات كتابخانه‌اي، شاخص‌هاي مؤثر بر تحقيق شناسايي شدند. برآورد حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول كوكران، معادل 384 بود. در مرحلة بعد 374 محلة شهر تهران برحسب پايگاه اجتماعي- اقتصادي به چهار طبقه (بالا، متوسط بالا، متوسط پايين و پايين) تقسيم شد و از هر طبقه يك محله به روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي انتخاب شد. سپس با جمع‌آوري داده‌هاي مورد نياز از سطح محله­ها، تشكيل ماتريس اولية تصميم‌گيري انجام گرفت. در مرحلة بعد به روش وايكور- كه از جمله روش‌هاي تصميم‌گيري چندمعيارة جبراني با حالت سازشي است- محله­هاي نمونه از نظر شاخص‌هاي توسعة پايدار محله‌اي سنجش شدند. نتايج اجراي تكنيك وايكور نشان داد از نظر شاخص‌هاي پايداري محله‌اي، محلة نيلوفر با مقدار شاخص وايكور 017/0 و محلة ولي­عصر شمالي با مقدار شاخص وايكور 1، به­ترتيب در بهترين و بدترين شرايط، و محله­هاي اماميه و آشتياني نيز با مقدار پايداري 160/0 و 613/0 در رتبه‌هاي دوم و سوم پايداري محله‌اي قرار دارند.

Neighborhood as a constituent element and smallest part of social and spatial of city and link citizens, it can also at least strengthen social capital, natural, human and economic, urban sustainable development to have at all levels. In other words, the neighborhood as a normative concept in which social obligations are formed based on shared values, and because of the relationship between humans and the environment and correct understanding and expectations commensurate with the natural and social competences, may underlie the social and ecological justice and balance in relation with sustainable development is at different levels. Since the without relying on local and national sustainable development as a primary focus of social life - ever, are not allowed. So in recent years, serious attention to the sustainable development of city officials and urban planners at different levels of social, economic and cultural, tangible aspects of urban life and lower levels (neighborhood) has attracted. The attention to the importance of sustainable development neighborhood in Tehran is very important because there are a lot of problems. Tehran, the capital and largest city of the country, until the early part of this century, according to multiple sources and organizes all elements of Persian cities with Islamic elements in the visible region was dry. But in recent decades, neighborhood structure in three steps, »centrality of the family unit neighborhood «, »Few places combine family and career« and »Neighborhood Removing« lost and the modern city and the neighborhood has become. So that today the neighborhoods 374 of Tehran, due to replacing the general social organizations rather than neighborhoods, failure to use and utilizes the power of partnerships, and community residents to manage community, great migration, fatigue and lack of municipal buildings and mismatch them with new details regarding the identities and locations of human communities, neighborhood associations and relationships within their neighborhood is lost. So that today the neighborhoods 374of Tehran, due to replacing the general social organizations rather than neighborhoods, failure to use and utilizes the power of partnerships, and community residents to manage community, great migration, fatigue and lack of municipal buildings and mismatch them with new details regarding the identities and locations of human communities, neighborhood associations and relationships within their neighborhood is lost. Since the return of the old neighborhoods of Tehran is not feasible and reasonable. So keeping in mind the need to retrieve the identity, values and meaning of the neighborhood - Iran and the role and function of the urban neighborhoods in Tehran could have, should lead to serious consideration of sustainable development places in the city. Accordingly, in this research, identify indicators of sustainable community development and Sustainable Development and evaluation of a neighborhood in the slums of Tehran and test hypotheses as 1- The study sites are located at different levels of development. 2- The social base - the residents of the neighborhoods studied economics and sustainable development of the communities there is discussed.