چكيده لاتين :
According to the lifestyle, house can be the ground for extensive activities based on employment,
cultural, social opportunities for residents. In accordance with needs and activities of human as
a space user, Historical houses are built associated with the natural environment. Recognition
and protection of values Respect national identity, and Understanding their performance and
social role is a basis for understanding and explaining the management system of protecting these
valuable elements inhistorical context of Isfahan. Life in some Historical houses is associated with
the owner occupation; thus, a space is predicted for working at home. Working pattern at home
creates spaces for the profession of the owner, and in some cases, makes some of the spaces multifunctional.
Such houses can be classified as historic house workshops. In addition, some historic
houses were Occupied by people who were too influential in the social-political conditions of their
era; and some of the Important events have been occurred in these house. Despite having historical
and architectural value, these Houses can be categorized as an example of the houses of celebrities
In Isfahan.
Thisstudy Aims to find out the reason of the House workshop s’ architectural style in the historical
context of Isfahan and analyze the space and organization of house workshops in order to understand
the presence of work space in the main body of the building. The main objectives to answer the
key question will be as follows: Analyzing the residential architecture stance in cultural, political,
social and economic evolution in Safavid and Qajar eras in Isfahan so that we can understand the
typology of historical houses in this city based on the performance and provide a comprehensive
category for the historical houses with performance beyond the housing. This is a descriptiveanalytical
study develope and usie field observation, literature review and gathered information
through interviews with a number of residents of historical houses in Isfahan. The findings were
analyzed by a qualitative method through comparing and interpreting.
Based on the methodology, first, the economic and social conditions of Isfahan in Qajar and Safavid
periods were briefly expressed. Then, considering the various functions of houses due to prevailing
economic and social conditions at that time, the spaces in the body of the house with multiple
functions or specific function beyond the space in residential architecture of these historical periods
in Isfahan were analyzed; based on specific objectives and questions of the research, historical houses with multiple functions in Isfahan were classified,These houses weredivided into two general
categories: 1. Houses that are influenced by other functions and have changes in the form and space; 2.
Houses that are not affected by other functions; and no changes have been occurred in the form and body
of the house. Then, trying to identify the cause of the multiple roles in the function of houses, the study
achieved another category in which the multi-functional historical houses of Isfahan are divided into two
classes of celebrities’ houses and workshop houses. Based on the owner’s professional field, celebrities’
houses are categorized into three categories of: houses of cultural celebrities, political celebrities, and
economic celebrities. Workshop house is also divided into two categories based on the type of owner’s
occupation: 1. Workshop houses that produce certain products; 2. Non-manufacturing workshop houses
where the owner’s enforcement activities in various fields (educational, administrative, etc.) can be done
at home.
Previously, Zahiri (2014) in his book entitled as «We came, you were not home», based on field
studies, examined the place of some of celebrities’ houses in Tehran such as the houses of Badi›ozaman
Foruzanfar, AbdulHossein Zarrinkoub, Saeed Nafisi, Mohammad Moein, Sadegh Hedayat, Simin
Daneshvar, Nima Youshij, Ahmad, Mehdi Akhavan Sales, Houshang Ebtehaj, Malek al-Sho’ara Bahar,
Hussein Monzavi, Sohrab Sepehri, Mohammad Mossadegh, Mehrdad Avesta, etc. In the introduction
Of the book, He (or she) says that: “Among these 44 houses, about 40 percent are historically registered
and are away from being destroyed by days to some extent. Among the registered ones, 22 percent have
Converted to museums, 58 percent of celebrities’ inheritors have sold the legacy of their father or spouse.
In addition, among houses which are not registeredas historical buildings, more than 65 percent are
destroyed, and there is nothing left but their obscure names»(Zahiri, 2014). The results of this field study
indicate the adverse security conditions of this kind of historical houses in the country. Due to having
a function beyond housing in the historical contexts, by planning and performing renovation projects,
these houses can become economic and cultural institutions in the historical contexts like before. So far,
no typology and renovation management system determination of the house workshops and celebrities’
houses have been conducted in the historical context of Isfahan. This research demonstrates that we
can present a classification and typology based on specific function in the historical houses with roles
beyond housing. Also, we can determine the impact of the relationship between work space and house
in the form and structure of the building. Also, in this discussion, through the knowledge gained from
the ultra-residential function and intangible values of the relationship between work space and house,
we can provide a pattern to explain the renovation projects based on space and spirit revival.
