پيش‌بيني بهزيستي روانشناختي كاركنان بر مبناي حمايت سازماني ادراك‌شده، معنويت محيط كاري و خودكارآمدي

Predicting the psychological well-being of employees based on perceived organizational support, workplace spirituality and self-efficacy

هدف پژوهش، پيش‌بيني بهزيستي روانشناختي كاركنان بر مبناي حمايت سازماني ادراك‌شده، معنويت محيط كاري و خودكارآمدي بود. اين پژوهش در قالب طرح همبستگي از نوع مطالعه پيش‌بيني انجام شد. به اين منظور، از بين كاركنان مشغول به خدمت شركت توزيع نيروي برق استان مركزي در سال 951394، تعداد 400 نفر با توجه به وضعيت استخدامي آنها، به شيوۀ تصادفي طبقه‌اي، انتخاب و بررسي شدند. براي گردآوري داده‌ها، پرسشنامه‌هاي بهزيستي روانشناختي ريف، حمايت سازماني ادراك‌شدۀ ايزنبرگر، معنويت محيط كاري ميليمن و خودكارآمدي عمومي شرر، اجرا و داده‌هاي حاصل با استفاده از ضريب همبستگي پيرسون و رگرسيون چندمتغيري گام‌به‌گام تحليل شدند. نتايج نشان دادند بين حمايت سازماني ادراك‌شده، معنويت محيط كاري و خودكارآمدي و نيز مولفه‌هاي آنها با بهزيستي روانشناختي رابطۀ معناداري وجود داشت. تحليل رگرسيون نيز نشان دادند متغيرهاي كارآمدي در برابر موانع، حمايت سازماني ادراك‌شده و حس عمومي شايستگي درمجموع حدود 25 درصد از واريانس نمرات بهزيستي روانشناختي را تبيين كردند. همچنين اين متغيرها نقش مهمي در پيش‌بيني بيشتر مولفه‌هاي بهزيستي روانشناختي داشتند؛ درنتيجه، مي‌توان گفت خودكارآمدي و حمايت سازماني ادراك‌شده نقش مهمي در پيش‌بيني بهزيستي روانشناختي كاركنان دارند. بر همين اساس، مديران سازمان بايد برنامه‌هاي آموزشي و راهكارهايي را براي تقويت خودكارآمدي، به‌ويژه كارآمدي در برابر موانع و حس عمومي شايستگي و نيز افزايش حمايت از كاركنان خود، با هدف بهبود بهزيستي روانشناختي آنها اجرا كنند.

The purpose of the present research was predicting the psychological wellbeing in employees based on perceived organizational support, workplace spirituality and self- efficacy. This research has been carried out in the form of correlational design on the type of predictive study. For this purpose, among the working employees of Markazi Province Electeric Distribution Company in 2015 year, 400 persons were selected by stratified random sampling based on their job conditions, and were examined. To collecting data, the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale, Eisenberger Survey of Perceived Organizational Support, Milliman Workplace Spirituality Scale and Sherer General Self-efficacy Scale were performed, and the obtained data were analyzed by pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regressions. The findings indicated that there were significant relationships between perceived organizational support, workplace spirituality and self-efficacy and also their components with psychological well-being. Analysis of regressions also indicated that the variables of efficacy in spite of obstacles, perceived organizational support and general sense of competence, totally explained 25 percent of the variance of psychological well-being. These variables showed also an important role in predicting of the most components of psychological well-being. As a result, it can be said that self-efficacy and perceived organizational support have an important role in predicting of psychological well-being of employees. Accordingly, the managers of organizations should perform educational programs and solutions for empowering self-efficacy, spatially efficacy in spite of obstacles and general sense of competence, and increase support of own employees, with purpose the improving of their psychological well-being