كليدواژه :
ديوار برشي مركب , اثر محل بازشو , اثر تعداد بازشو , مقاومت , سختي
چكيده فارسي :
استفاده از ديوارهاي برشي مركب به‌عنوان سيستم مقاوم لرزه‌يي در سازه‌ها در سال‌هاي اخير گسترش يافته است، اما اطلاعات كاملي در مورد عملكرد آن‌ها به‌خصوص در موارد وجود بازشو در دسترس نيست. در مطالعه‌ي حاضر، در ابتدا به منظور اعتبارسنجي روش تحليل، مدل ديوار برشي مركب با درز آزمايش‌شده در دانشگاه بركلي، با مدل‌سازي در نرم‌افزار آباكوس تحليل شد كه مطابقت خوبي بين مدل آزمايشگاهي و تحليلي مشاهده شد. سپس به بررسي اثر محل قرارگيري و تعداد بازشو در عملكرد ديوارهاي مذكور پرداخته شده است. بدين منظور مدل‌هايي با بازشوهاي نزديك به تير يا ستون و بازشوهاي مستطيلي افقي يا عمودي تهيه و تحليل شدند. در نهايت، روند نمودار بار ـ تغييرمكان ديوار برشي مركب و دلايل تغييرات سختي ديوار مذكور بررسي شده است. نتايج مطالعات نشان مي‌دهد كه ديوار در حالت تك بازشو و بازشوي مركزي، كمترين كاهش سختي و مقاومت و نيز توزيع متناسب‌تر تنش را دارد. ضمناً كمانش ورق فولادي و جاري شدن المان‌هاي ديوار از عوامل تغيير سختي آن هستند.
چكيده لاتين :
Application of composite shear wall as a seismic resistant structural system has increased recently to improve the steel shear wall behavior and ultimate capacity by means of controlling the out-of-plane buckling shape of the steel plate. One of the most important fields in shear wall performance study is the effects of providing an opening on wall surface. These openings may be needed for some reasons including architectural and installation requirements.The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of the location and number of openings on composite shear wall behavior. Firstly, a composite shear wall, which was tested at Berkeley University, was simulated with finite-element software Abaqus in order to verify numerical modeling. Appropriate conformity between the experimental and numerical results was observed.Then, the effects of the existence of square opening have been studied. Primarily, the location effects were investigated. For this purpose, the model with a central opening defined as the main model. Then, two other models with the same opening area were simulated to compare with the main model: one with
opening near the column and the other with that near the beam. As a general result, by moving the opening location from the center of the wall, the wall stiffness decreases and opening near the beam has the least stiffness. For evaluating the effects of number of openings on composite shear wall behavior, a model with one opening was compared with two models with two openings. It should be noted that the opening area in these three models is the same; one with two vertical openings and the other one with two horizontal openings. Consequently, the model with two horizontal openings made more reduction in strength and stiffness of the wall. Finally, the changes in the stiffness of a composite shear wall without opening were investigated and observed that changes in stiffness are due to steel plate buckling and wall elements yielding. For each model, force-displacement curve, strength, stiffness, the produced stresses, energy absorption and failure mode of the models are presented.
