مدلسازي كيفي تغييرات پارامترهاي فيزيكي و شيميايي چاه هاي آب شرب بااستفاده از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافياييGIS (مطالعه موردي : جنوب شهرستان ري)

Investigation of changes in physical and chemical parameters of water wells in south Ray villages by using GIS

توسعه انساني و رشد فزاينده صنعت و كشاورزي و به تبع آن افزايش روز افزون نياز به آب و از طرفي برداشت مضاعف و بي رويه از منابع آب و عدم اجراي اقدامات كنترلي و حفاظتي كافي در خصوص اينگونه منابع، موجب تأثيرات متفاوت و زيادي بر روي كيفيت و كميت منابع آبي به ويژه منابع آب زير زميني و دسترسي به آنها شده است. باتوجه بها هم يتاين منابع و اقليم كشور و از جمله استان تهران و شهرستانهاي توابع آنكه در زمره مناطق خشك و نيمه خشك محسوب مي شوند،بررسي و تحقيق بر روي كيفيت منابع آب و آلودگيهاي آنها و نيز مدلسازي در محيط هاي نرم افزاري مانند GIS بستر مناسبي را براي تأمين آب شرب سالم و بهداشتي از ديدگاه كيفي و پيشگيري از آلودگ يهاي احتمالي آنها فراهم خواهد آورد و از سويي نيز موجب صرفه جويي در هزينه هاي اجرايي حفر چاه هاي جديد قبل از هر گونه عمليات و شناسايي مناطق مستعد براي احداث چاههاي آب شرب مي شود.

Surely, knowledge of the status of drinking water quality along with its changes in different seasons (wet and drought) as well as trends from one source to another can be used to optimize providing the proper conduct of the areas of drinking water on the one hand and the prevention of the unsafe and unsanitary resources on the other hand, along with planning for engineering projects to reduce the pollutant load implied to the water sources (collection and disposal and wastewater treatment plant) and sanitary limits & qualitative privacy legal far groundwater is important. Although source identification of pollutions and investigating of feasibility to determine quality limits and pollution concentration reduction strategies without understanding its possible standard deviations (who -1053) is not possible and the associated high costs and sometimes waste time, money and even non-transactional tasks in industrial aspects. Considering the limitations of water supply (quantity and quality) due to recurrent drought in recent years requires the efficient and proper management of water resources in a comprehensive map of the area were provided quality in GIS geographic system that can provide a solid base for decision-making on sustainable development based on quality and quantity of water supply and environmental principles. Therefore, with respect to the total pollution affecting groundwater resources of the Ray area, such as domestic sewage and industrial wastewater and conditions of recreational of the region, particularly the location of some small areas of water wells in the establishment of some wells of Rivers or in areas of lower topography and effectiveness of contaminant transport in the direction of the gradient Hydraulic and surface water caused the measuring and monitoring of chemical and physical parameters of resources and quality map as a must be manifested. Investigations on obtained results showed that the physico-chemical qualityof underground water in this region from east north toward west south accompanying with increasing the amounts of Cations and Anions as a results of coming up the bed rock, decreasing the height of water column and geologic range of wells of this region. Meanwhile the amounts of Nitrate concentration in wells of west north range caused by increasing human factors which was near to permitted level of standard.