بررسي تطبيقي بازپروري مجرمان تروريستي به‌عنوان راهبردي نوين در مبارزه با تروريسم در ايران و سنگاپور

Comparative Study of Rehabilitation of Terrorist Criminals as a new Counter-Terrorism Strategy in Islamic Republic of Iran and Singapore

امروزه بازپروري به‌عنوان راهبردي قانوني در برخورد با مجرمان در نظام حقوق كيفري بسيار مورد توجه قرار گرفته و آثار مثبت قابل‌توجهي از خود به‌جاي گذاشته است؛ اما پرسش اين است كه آيا اين روش در رويارويي با مرتكبان جرايم مهمي مانند جرايم تروريستي نيز مي‌تواند همان نتايج مثبت را از خود به‌جاي گذارد؟ ايران به‌عنوان يكي از كشورهاي فعال در مبارزه عليه تروريسم راهبردهاي مختلفي را در اين خصوص به‌كار گرفته و در مقايسه با ايران، سنگاپور با بازپروري مجرمان تروريستي به‌عنوان راهبردي نوين در كنار ساير راهبردهاي خود در مبارزات تروريستي، از حملات احتمالي و آسيب‌هاي ناشي از آن تاكنون جلوگيري كرده است. پژوهش حاضر در قالب يك تحقيق كيفي و با استفاده از شاخص‌هاي پژوهش تطبيقي بازپروري مجرمان تروريستي را به‌عنوان راهبردي نوين در مبارزات تروريستي بررسي كرده و آن‌ها را با روش‌هاي مرسوم مبارزه با تروريسم در ايران و سنگاپور مقايسه نموده است. درنهايت يافتۀ حاصل از اين پژوهش به اين شرح است كه با وجود نتايج مثبت بازپروري مجرمان تروريستي در كشور سنگاپور، ايران تاكنون از اين روش در مبارزات خود بهره نبرده است. كليدواژه‌ها

Nowadays, rehabilitation is considered as a legal strategy in dealing with criminals in the criminal justice system and it has left significant positive effects; but the question is whether this approach can yield the same positive results in the face of perpetrators of serious crimes, such as terrorist crimes? After the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the attitude towards terrorism changed so that the United States used the word war to fight. A word that has brought with it a lot of problems, and brought a new challenge in international law and community. Because the war, according to international definitions, required its own circumstances and could not accommodate this struggle under its umbrella. In practice, terrorism has become to a security crime in the politics and law of countries, and this change in the nature has led to governments to introduce terrorism more than a crime. Terrorist criminals were excluded from the category of criminals, and the fight against terrorism became the primary policy of governments. In a legal analysis, it can be concluded that to convert to a security crime, means make more security for society. This point of view of social defense movement that knows a criminal as a patient, and pay attention to their reform, and in the school of realism that knows a criminal as a victim of physical and social factors offers moral responsibility instead of social responsibility and punishment instead of supply measures, has distanced. an‎d again the classical view, or the idiom "orbit crime", has been taken into consideration. In this case, the perpetrator is a danger to others that has threatened the security of society. For this reason, securityism emphasizes to hard and disproportionate punishments with crime committed to control the danger has been created by the offender. Therefore, the terrorist criminals are the destructive security agents who suffer the most severe punishments because of the nature of their crime and the many incidents that have so far caused human society. Terrorists are people who feel alien at their community, which may be the result of different community situations such as economic, social, political and psychological conditions or a combination of these. As a result, they start protesting and revolt when they feel dissatisfy and alien, but because these revolts cannot quell their outrage, they eventually launch terrorist operations.