رابطه بين مهارت‌هاي شناختي و فراشناختي با تعارض كار و خانواده در پرستاران

The relationship between cognitive and metacognitive skills and work-family conflict in nurses

مقدمه: تعارض بين دو نقش كار و خانواده در پرستاران امري است كه باعث كاهش راندمان كارايي آنها مي‌شود. هدف از اين پژوهش بررسي رابطه بين مهارت‌هاي شناختي و فراشناختي پرستاران با تعارض كار و خانواده آنها مي‌باشد. روش كار: اين پژوهش به روش توصيفي همبستگي با ماهيت كاربردي در سال 1398[f1] انجام شده است[A2] . جامعه آماري شامل پرستاران بيمارستان‌هاي علوم پزشكي شيراز مي‌باشد. نمونه آماري با استفاده از فرمول كوكران 345 پرستار محاسبه شده است. روش نمونه‌گيري به صورت تصادفي ساده انتخاب شده است . ابزار گرداوري داده ها براي سنجش متغير هاي مهارت هاي شناختي و فراشناختي و تعارض كار وخانواده در اين پژوهش، پر[f3] سشنامه (محقق ساخته) [A4] به تعدادكل 23 سؤال مي‌باشد كه پايايي آن از طريق ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ 89و روايي آن با استفاده نظر خبرگان بدست آمده است. اين پرسشنامه بر اساس مقياس ليكرت 5 گزينه اي ازطيف كاملا موافقم تا كاملا مخالفم استفاده شده است. براي تست نرمال بوده داده‌ها، از آزمون كولموگراف–اسميرنوف استفاده شده است كه با توجه به غيرنرمال بودن داده‌ها براي تعيين همبستگي از آزمون اسپيرمن استفاده شده است. آناليزهاي آماري نيز با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss انجام شده است. يافته: ميانگين مهارت‌هاي شناختي 38/4 با انحراف معيار 08/1، ميانگين مهارت‌هاي فراشناختي 46/4 با انحراف معيار 13/1 و ميانگين تعارض كار و خانواده 71/4 با انحراف معيار 02/1 مي‌باشد. ضريب همبستگي اسپيرمن بين مهارت‌هاي شناختي و فراشناختي با تعارض كار و خانواده به ترتيب 68/0- و 51/0 - محاسبه شده است. نتيجه‌گيري: بهبود مهارت‌هاي شناختي و فراشناختي باعث افزايش توانايي‌هاي ذهني و يادگيري پرستاران و چگونگي استفاده‌ي بهينه از منابع براي رسيدن به اهداف سازماني مي‌شود. نتايج نشان داد كه با تقويت و افزايش اين مهارت‌ها ميزان تعارض بين دو نقش كار و خانواده در پرستاران كاهش مي‌يابد.

Introduction: The contradiction between the two roles of work and family in nurses is one that reduces their efAbstract Introduction: Conflict between the two roles of work and family in nurses is something that reduces their efficiency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nurses' cognitive and metacognitive skills with work-family conflict. Methods: This research was a descriptive correlation with applied nature in 2020. The statistical population includes nurses of Shiraz medical hospitals. The statistical sample was calculated using Cochran's formula of 345 nurses. The sampling method was selected randomly. The data collection tool for measuring the variables of cognitive and metacognitive skills and work-family conflict in this study is a researcher-made questionnaire with a total of 23 questions, the reliability of which is obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 89 and its validity is obtained by experts. . This questionnaire is based on a 5-point Likert scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. To test the data as normal, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used. Due to the abnormality of the data, the Spearman test was used to determine the correlation. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software. Results: The mean of cognitive skills was 4.38 with standard deviation of 1.08, the mean of metacognitive skills was 4.46 with standard deviation of 1.13 and the mean of work-family conflict was 4.71 with standard deviation of 1.02. Spearman correlation coefficient between cognitive and metacognitive skills with work and family conflict was calculated to be -0.68 and -0.51, respectively. Conclusion: Improving cognitive and metacognitive skills increases nurses' mental abilities and learning and how to use resources optimally to achieve organizational goals. The results showed that by strengthening and increasing these skills, the amount of conflict between the two roles of work and family in nurses is reduced.ficiency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nurses' cognitive and metacognitive skills with work-family conflict. Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study with applied nature in 2020. The statistical population includes nurses in Shiraz Medical Sciences Hospitals. The statistical sample was calculated using Cochran formula of 345 nurses. A simple random sampling method and a researcher-made questionnaire consisted of 23 questions. Its reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 89 and its validity was assessed by Camus and Bartlett sampling adequacy test. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data. Spearman test was used to determine the correlation. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software. Results: The mean of cognitive skills was 4.38 with a standard deviation of 1.08, the mean of metacognitive skills was 4.46 with a standard deviation of 1.13 and the mean of work-family conflict was 4.71 with a standard deviation of 1.02. Spearman's correlation coefficient between cognitive and metacognitive skills with work-family conflict was -0.68 and -0.51, respectively. Conclusion: Improvement of cognitive and metacognitive skills increases nurses' mental and learning abilities and how to use resources efficiently to achieve organizational goals. .