كليدواژه :
حضور آسمان , فضاي معماري , نگارگري ايراني دوره صفوي , ساحت هاي حيات انسان
چكيده فارسي :
انسان معاصر به دليل احاطه شدن در دنياي مدرن، تحت تأثير فضاي معماري خودساخته‌اي است كه به دليل حذف مظاهر طبيعي ازجمله آسمان، انواع بيماري‌هاي جسمي و رواني را متحمل مي‌گردد. از طرفي طبق نظريه انديشمندان، نيازهاي انسان در پاسخ به ساحت‌هاي مادي، رواني و معنوي او دسته‌بندي گرديده و فعاليت‌هاي او را در تمام دوران زندگي‌اش تحت‌الشعاع قرار مي‌دهد. پژوهش نظري حاضر با رويكردي كيفي، به شيوه توصيفي تحليلي و استدلال منطقي با شواهدي از منابع كتابخانه‌اي و آثار گرافيكي منتشرشده (شاهنامه شاه‌تهماسبي و خمسه نظامي)، با پاسخ به اين سؤال كه حضور آسمان در نگاره‌هاي بارز دوره صفوي به چه ميزان ظاهر گرديده و به كدام‌يك از ساحت‌هاي انساني توجه بيشتري داشته، تدوين‌شده است. نتايج، نشان مي‌دهد كه وسعت آسمان در نگارگري‌هاي مكتب اصفهان، با سهم عمده در ايجاد انگيزه در انسان جهت برقراري ارتباط با عالم بالا، باعث تأمين نيازهاي معنوي انسان‌ها در عصر صفوي و شكوفايي هنر معنوي اين دوره شده است.
چكيده لاتين :
From the moment of birth, human beings grow with the formation of their physical, physiological, and security needs, and then they are placed in the space of knowing the psychological realm and providing psychological and social security needs, as well as being respected and loved and loved.
Due to the insufficient provision of these needs for human beings, he experiences the spiritual realm with the provision of respectful and self-fulfilling demands. All these areas and requirements are formed in an environment that is based on the two elements of earth and sky.
However, being surrounded by the modern world, the contemporary man is influenced by self-made architectural space, which is led to mental and physical disease due to the elimination of natural elements such as the sky. Moreover, human needs are categorized based on the response to his physical, psychological, and spiritual aspects, which affect his activities according to the theory of thinkers. Also, the dependence of art on nature has caused people to express what they have learned from nature through art. In this regard, Iranians, who have had a special respect for nature from the past to the present, have been inspired by nature. According to Iranian mythology, the sky, as the father of nature, vast and glorious, has played a key role in shaping Iranian art. Iranian art from the past to the present, including stories and legends, poets, miniatures and paintings, music, carpets, shows the role of the sky in meeting human needs.
On the other hand, the representation of the sky in the arts can prove its effect on the health of the human body and soul to emphasize the importance of the existence of the sky in the living space of human beings. In order to show the effect of the sky on the improvement of human life, two views have been applied, including Western and Islamic ones based on Maslow's view, and human areas, based on the Islamic view.
Study of the existence of the sky in Iranian art and especially in painting and analyzing the meaning and concept of the sky in this art shows the special place of the sky in the body and mind of human beings and also considers the existence of the sky necessary to meet human vital needs.
It should be noted that a large part of the image in blue or gold color shows the role of the sky in meeting the material, psychological and spiritual needs of human beings.
By using the qualitative approach, a descriptive-analytical method, and logical reasoning, the present theoretical research studies, how to extend the sky appears in the prominent Safavid paintings as well as which humans aspects are considered based on the pieces of evidence , are from the published library sources and the graphic works (Shahnameh, Shah Tahmasebi and Khamseh Nezami). The results show the sky in the school of Isfahan causes meets spiritual needs in the Safavid era, flourishing spiritual arts in a way that motivates a man to communicate with the metaphysical world.
