رابطه سبك هاي فرزندپروري والدين با بلوغ عاطفي و ناگويي خلقي دختران نوجوان

Relationship between parenting styles with emotional maturity and Alexithymia in adolescent girls

ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪي ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎي ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﭘﺮوري واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻠﻮغ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ و ﻧﺎﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺧﻠﻘﯽ دﺧﺘﺮان ﻧﻮﺟﻮان ﺷﻬﺮ زﻧﺠﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪي ﻣﻮردﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ دوره اول ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ زﻧﺠﺎن در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 95-96 و واﻟﺪﯾﻦ آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ آن ﻫﺎ 200 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊ آوري دادهﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎي ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﭘﺮوري ﺑﺎﻣﺮﯾﻨﺪ، ﺑﻠﻮغ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﺳﯿﻨﮓ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران و ﻧﺎﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺧﻠﻘﯽ ﺗﻮرﻧﺘﻮ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ از آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﭘﺮوري ﺳﻬﻞﮔﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺪم ﺛﺒﺎت ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ، ﻓﺮوﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻠﯽ ﻋﺪم ﺑﻠﻮغ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد دارد )P<0/05(. ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﭘﺮوري ﻣﺴﺘﺒﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ دﺷﻮاري در ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت ﻧﯿﺰ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ )P<0/05(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻣﻘﺘﺪر ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺧﻠﻘﯽ ﮐﻞ و ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي آن ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﻣﻌﮑﻮس وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ )P<0/05(. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺳﻬﻞ ﮔﯿﺮ ﺗﻮان ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻋﺪم ﺛﺒﺎت ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ، ﻓﺮوﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ و ﻋﺪم ﺑﻠﻮغ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 19/2 ،24/8 و 24/4 درﺻﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﮐﻞ آن ﻫﺎ را دارد )P<0/05(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻣﻘﺘﺪر ﺗﻮان ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي دﺷﻮاري در ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت، دﺷﻮاري در ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت و ﻧﺎﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺧﻠﻘﯽ )ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ( را ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 22/9 ،20/6 و 16/4 درﺻﺪ داﺷﺖ )P<0/05(. درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻣﺴﺘﺒﺪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ در ﯾﮏ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮان ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ دﺷﻮاري در ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت را ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 16/9 درﺻﺪ داﺷﺖ )P<0/05(. درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺻﻼح ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎي ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﭘﺮوري در واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental parenting styles with emotional maturity and Alexithymia. The research method was correlational and the target population was all-female high school students in Zanjan, in the academic year of 1395-96, and their parents, among whom 200 were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. They were the data collection tool included the scale of Bamerand child-rearing styles, the emotional adolescence of Singh et al. an‎d the Alexithymia of Toronto's nougat. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the easy parenting style and emotional insecurity, personality disintegration as well as a general score of emotional immaturity (p < 0.05). There was a positive and significant relationship between descriptive childbearing style and difficult component in descriptive sensation (p < 0.05). There was also a negative and inverse relationship between the authoritative style and the overall Alexithymia and all components (p < 0.05). The results of multiple regression tests showed that facilitation style could explain emotional instability, personality decay and emotional immaturity with 24.8%, 19.2% and 24.4% of their total variance, respectively. Also, the powerful style could predict the components of difficulty in emotion recognition, difficulty in describing emotions and Alexithymia (total score) by 20.6%, 22.9% and 16.4%, respectively (p < 0.05). Finally, in only one case did the authoritarian style explain the difficulty in describing the emotions by 16.9% (p < 0.05). Finally, according to the results of the study, the correction of parental styles in parents is suggested using educational and therapeutic interventions.