پديد آورندگان :
ﮔﻠﭙﻮر، اﯾﻤﺎن دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي مكانيك بيوسيستم، اروميه، ايران , اﺣﻤﺪي ﻣﻘﺪم، ﭘﺮوﯾﺰ دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي مكانيك بيوسيستم، اروميه، ايران , ﻧﯿﮑﺒﺨﺖ، ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي مكانيك بيوسيستم، اروميه، ايران
كليدواژه :
ﺑﺎزده اﮐﺴﺮژي , ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺨﺎر , ﻧﺮخ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد اﮐﺴﺮژي , ﻧﺮخ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ اﮐﺴﺮژي
چكيده فارسي :
در اين كار تحقيقاتي، تحليل انرژي و اكسرژي سامانه توليد بخار شركت آبميوه پاكديس اروميه با چهار ديگ بخار بررسي شد و با استفاده از معادلات تعادل جرم، انرژي و اكسرژي براي هر يك از اجزاي سامانه، توابع هدف ترموديناميكي شامل بازده اكسرژي، نرخ تخريب اكسرژي، نرخ تلفات اكسرژي و نرخ پتانسيل بهبود آن‌ها بر اساس قانون اول و دوم ترموديناميكي مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفت. پس از اكتساب داده‌ها، تحليل انرژي و اكسرژي اين سامانه با حل معادلات مربوطه با كمك روابط خواص ترموديناميكي همراه با برنامه‌نويسي در نرم‌افزار EES صورت پذيرفت. نتايج نشان داد كه بيشترين بازده اكسرژي 98/44 درصد، مربوط به توزيع‌كننده بخار (O) سامانه با نرخ پتانسيل بهبود 1/51 كيلووات و نرخ تخريب اكسرژي 28/38 ﮐﯿﻠﻮوات ﺑﻮد، و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﭘﻤﭗ )M( ﻗﺒﻞ از دﯾﮓ ﺑﺨﺎر ﭼﻬﺎرم ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎزده اﮐﺴﺮژي 19/69 درﺻﺪ داراي ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺎزده اﮐﺴﺮژي ﺑﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ 12/55 و 11/93 ﮐﯿﻠﻮوات ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺮخ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ اﮐﺴﺮژي و ﻧﺮخ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد آن ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ اﮐﺴﺮژي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ را دﯾﮓ ﺑﺨـﺎر اول ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 12391/80 ﮐﯿﻠﻮوات ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎزده 19/55 درﺻﺪ و ﻧﺮخ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد 10295/26 ﮐﯿﻠﻮوات دارا ﺑﻮد. ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘـﺪار ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت اﮐﺴﺮژي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ 446/90 و 0/47 ﮐﯿﻠﻮوات ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاي دﯾﮓ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺳﻮم )L( و ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﻧﺒﺴﺎط F)( ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Steam generation system is a crucial and essential part of food industries which generates and distributes steam for consumption in domestic production units. Energy analysis based on the first law of thermodynamics was employed as the basic approach to assess energy systems. However, the energy approach does not provide information on the degradation of the energy quality occurring within energy systems and is, therefore, insufficient for sustainable design or optimization goals. Nevertheless, exergy analysis based on both the first and second laws of thermodynamics can overcome shortcomings of energy analysis. In the present study, the performance of equipment of the steam generation system in Pakdis’s juice production Company located in Urmia is investigated. Owing to the energy and exergy analyses, the sites with the highest loss of exergy are identified as the critical points of the process.
Materials and Methods
In this study, the steam generation unit of a juice production company located in Urmia, West Azarbaijan province in Iran was exergetically analyzed. Using mass, energy, and exergy balances for each component of the unit, the thermodynamic objective functions including the exergy efficiency, exergy destruction rate, exergy loss rate, and the potential improvement rate were assessed. After data acquisition, energy and exergy analysis of this unit was achieved by solving the related equations with the help of thermodynamic properties along with programming in EES software package.
Results and Discussion
The results showed that the highest exergy efficiency of 98.44% was assigned to the steam distributor (O) of the unit with a potential improvement rate of 1.51 kW and an exergy loss rate of 68.80 kW, as well as the pump (M) before the fourth boiler with an exergy efficiency of 19.69%, had the lowest value of exergy efficiency. The values of 12.55 and 11.93 kW were obtained for the exergy destruction rate and its potential improvement rate, respectively. The highest exergy destruction rate of the unit was for the first boiler with a value of 12391.80 kW, with an efficiency of 19.55% and a potential improvement rate of 10295.26 kW.
Conclusion
With regard to the energy and exergy analyses of the steam production system, more than 98% of the exergy destruction rate of the entire steam generation system was assigned to boilers, which had a major contribution to the exergetic efficiency of the system. The highest percentage of potential improvement was related to the first boiler and also the third boiler had the highest exergy loss rate, although the lowest exergy loss rate was the expansion tank of the system. In general, this study demonstrated the importance of exergy analysis for detecting the system components with the highest exergy destruction, which can be a breakthrough to identify these components and provides suitable solutions to improve the overall exergy efficiency of the steam-generating system.
