بررسي تحليلي رويكرد و محتواي منابع تاريخ ائمه (ع) (مطالعه گونه شناسانه و كمّي كتاب هاي الكافي، عيون اخبار الرضا (ع) و الارشاد

An analytical study on the approach and content of the sources dealing with the history of the Imams (‘a.s.) (a typological and quantitative study of the books: al-Kāfī, ‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā and al-Irshād)

مقاله حاضر در پي برون رفت از رويه عمومي تحقيقات تاريخ اهل بيت: كه در بهره گيري از منابع، مراجعه اي يكسان و نه با درك كافي از محتواي آنها صورت ميگيرد، به اين مسئله ميپردازد كه گزاره هاي تاريخي، در چه گونه هايي و با چه حجم و خصوصياتي در منابع تاريخنگاري روايي اماميه جاي گرفته اند؟ بدين منظور، مطالعه موردي مضامين گزاره هاي تاريخي مهمترين منابع روايي تاريخ اهل بيت: يعني الكافي، عيون اخبار الرضا7 و الارشاد، در دو مرحله گونه شناسي و بررسي كمي - تطبيقي، در دستور كار قرار گرفت. شناسايي مضامين مشترك اصلي و فرعي منابع، جايگاه هر منبع در پاسخگويي به پرسش هاي تاريخ اهل بيت:، دستيابي عيني و ملموس به اهداف مؤلفان و ارتباط اثر با نيازهاي زمانه، تفاوت ماهوي تاريخنگاري روايي با تاريخنگاري عمومي مسلمانان و ضرورت و امكان سطح بندي تاريخنگاري روايي اماميه از مهمترين نتايج تحقيق پيش رو است

This article aims at changing the common research procedure made on the subject of the Ahl al-Bayt’s history. In that procedure different sources and references are referred to, equally and not on the basis of sufficient perception of the content of each of them. This article deals with the question, what are the types, volumes (i.e. quantity), and characteristics of historical reports in the sources of the tradition-oriented historiography of the Twelver Shi‘a? To answer this question, a case study of the contents of the historical reports contained in the most important tradition-oriented sources of the history of the Ahl al-Bayt (‘a.s.) namely al-Kāfī, ‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā and al-Irshād was put in the agenda in the two phases of typology and quantitative-qualitative investigation. Among the most important findings of the present research, mention can be made of: 1) identification of the major and minor shared contents of the sources; 2) status of each source in responding the questions about the history of the Ahl al-Bayt (‘a.s.); 3) objective and tangible access to the author’s goals and the relation of the work to the requirements of the age; 4) the substantial difference between the general historiography and the Muslims’ general historiography; and 5) the necessity and possibility of the classification of the tradition-oriented historiography of the Twelver Shi‘a.