ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ و ﻫﻮش اﺧﻼﻗﯽ در ﭘﺰﺷﮑﺎن

Investigation of Emotional and Moral Intelligence in physicians

ﭘﺰﺷـــﮑﻲ ﺣﺮﻓـﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳـــﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻮﺵ ﻫﻴﺠـﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺧﻼﻗﻲ، ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﮐ ﻴﻔﻴـ ﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺰﺷـﮑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ، ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺭﺿـﺎﻳﺖ ﺷـﻐﻠﻲ ﻧﻘﺸـ ﻲ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﻫـﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ، ﺑﺮﺭﺳـــﻲ ﻫﻮﺵ ﻫﻴﺠـﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺵ ﺍﺧﻼﻗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺰﺷـــﻜـﺎﻥ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ، ﺗﻮﺻـــﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﺟـﺎﻣﻌـﻪﻱ ﺁﻣـﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤـﻪﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ 1398 ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ 213 ﭘﺰﺷــﻚ، ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔ ﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﺮﺱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺳــﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺭ ﺍ ﺗﻜﻤﻴـﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻧـﺪ. ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫـﺎ، ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳـــﺶﻧـﺎﻣـﻪﻱ ﻫﻮﺵ ﻫﻴﺠـﺎﻧﻲ ﺑـﺎﺭ-ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺵ ﺍﺧﻼﻗﻲ ﻟﻨﻴﮏ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻞ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪ. ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ، ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻳﻚﻃﺮﻓﻪ )ﺁﻧﻮﺍ( ﻭ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺗﻲ ﻣﺴـــﺘﻘـﻞ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻴﻢ. ﻧـﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺸـــﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﺎﻥ ﺯﻥ، ﻣﺘﺄﻫﻞ، ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺷـﺼـﺖ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﺎﺑﻘﻪﻱ ﺷـﻐﻠﻲ ﺳـ ﻲ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ، ﺍﺯ ﻫﻮﺵ ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ، ﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺷـﺼـﺖ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﺎﺑﻘﻪﻱ ﺷـﻐﻠﻲ ﺳـ ﻲ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﻫﻮﺵ ﺍﺧﻼﻗﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ، ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺶ ﺩﺍﻧﺸـﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒـﻨﺎﻱ ﺳـــﻨﺠﺶ ﻫﻮﺵ ﻫﻴﺠـﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺧﻼﻗﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷـــﻮﺩ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞﻭﻓﺼﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.

Medicine is a profession in which emotional and moral intelligence play an effective role in improving the quality of medical care for patients, mental health, and increasing job satisfaction. The aim of the present study was to investigate emotional and moral intelligence among different physicians. This study was conducted as a descriptive study. The statistical population consisted of all physicians in Mashhad in 2019. Among them, 213 physicians were selected by convenience sampling method and completed questionnaires. The data collection tools were the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i) and the Moral Intelligent Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and independent t-test. The results showed that among physicians, female physicians, married, over 60 years old, and with a work experience of 30 years and more had more emotional intelligence. The results also showed that physicians over 60 years and a work experience of 30 years and more had higher moral intelligence. Therefore, it can be concluded that educating and selecting medical students and physicians based on measuring emotional and moral intelligence can give them better ability to solve problems and be more resilient when exposing to crises and difficult situations.