تأثير 3 ماه تمرين بسكتبال بر برخي نشانگر‌هاي متابوليسم استخواني مردان 55-45 سالۀ داراي اضافه ‌وزن

Effect of Basketball Training on Some of Bone Turnover Markers in 45-55 Years Old Overweight Men

اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن و ﭘﻮﮐﯽ اﺳﺘﺨﻮان دو ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺷﺎﯾﻊ در ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً در ﭘﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات دﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮑﯽ در ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﺳﺘﺨﻮان را ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺴﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ را ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر رﺷﺪ ﺷﺒﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻨﯽ، ﭘﺎراﺗﻮرﻣﻮن و آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺎرﮐﺮﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺨﻮاﻧﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺴﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﻮان ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻨﻮز اﺑﻬﺎﻣﺎت زﯾﺎدي درﺑﺎره آﻧﻬﺎ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ 3 ﻣﺎه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺴﮑﺘﺒﺎل ﺑﺮ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر رﺷﺪ ﺷﺒﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻨﯽ، ﭘﺎراﺗﻮرﻣﻮن و آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز ﻣﺮدان 55- 45 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ داراي اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: 24 ﻣﺮد داراي اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن )2/06 ±47/91 ﺳﺎل، 1/13 ±27/80 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ( ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ورود اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ اي ﺳﻪ روز و ﻫﺮ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 3 ﻣﺎه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﺑﺴﮑﺘﺒﺎل را اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ. 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ و 48 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ از آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪن و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ ﺧﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر رﺷﺪ ﺷﺒﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻨﯽ، ﭘﺎراﺗﻮرﻣﻮن و آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز ﺑﻪ روش اﻻﯾﺰا اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: 12 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺴﮑﺘﺒﺎل ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر رﺷﺪ ﺷﺒﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻨﯽ )P=0/002 ( و آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز ﺷﺪ )0/03=P ( اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺪار ﭘﺎراﺗﻮرﻣﻮن ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ 3 ﻣﺎه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺴﮑﺘﺒﺎل ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ ﻣﺆﺛّﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ اﺳﮑﻠﺘﯽ- ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ را اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺪن را در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آﻧﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﮑﯽ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ.

Overweight and osteoporosis are two common health problems in adults that often result from decreased physical activity. Biochemical markers evaluate the effects of dynamic changes on bone function and determine the response of bone metabolism to physical activity. Insulin-like growth factor-1, parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase are important bone markers in bone metabolism, but there is still much ambiguity about them. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of three months basketball training on Insulin-like growth factor-1, parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase in 45-55 years old overweight men. Methods: 24 overweight men (47.91±2.06 years, 27.80±1.13 kg/m2) were purposefully selected based on inclusion criteria and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group practiced basketball training three days a week, 90 min in each session, for three months. 24 h before training and 48 h after the last training session, the fasting blood sample was taken to measure insulin-like growth factor-1, parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase by ELISA method. Results: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (P=0.002) and alkaline phosphatase (P=0.03) were increased after three months basketball training. However, parathyroid hormone was not changed significantly. Conclusion: It seems that three months basketball training can induce mechanical loading effects on musculoskeletal tissue and has anabolic effect on the body.