تحليل محتواي كتاب رياضي سوم ابتدايي بر اساس برنامه‌ريزي حل مساله به كمك آنتروپي شانون

Content analysis of the third elementary math book based on problem solving planning With the help of Shannon entropy

ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﺘﺎب رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺳﻮم اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻮع، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و واﺣﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ و ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، در ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻞ ﮐﺘﺎب رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺳﻮم اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1398-1399 ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﺘﺎب از ﺳﯿﺎﻫﻪ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ رﯾﺲ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻧﻮع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﺘﺎب، ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﯾﮑﻨﻮاﺧﺘﯽ از اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Problem solving is the core of the math curriculum. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the content of the third-grade elementary math textbook based on problem solving planning. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of type, which is done by quantitative content analysis and is a unit of analysis of questions, exercises and problems. In analyzing the data obtained from this study, frequency and Shannon entropy were used. The statistical population of this research was the whole third grade elementary mathematics textbook in the academic year 1398-1399. To analyze the content of the book, a list of different types of problems was used by Reese et al., Which includes eight different types of problems that should be considered in problem solving planning. The results of this analysis showed that in different parts of the content of the book, proper distribution and uniformity of different types of problems have not been used.