بررسي عوامل گروهي و خرده فرهنگي موثر بر خشونت گرايي تماشاگران فوتبال

Subculture and group factors influencing violence among football fans

Recently, news about the behavior of football spectators has been as important as news about football itself. This survey studies subculture factors and group dynamic structures influencing the violent bchaviordemonstrated at football games. Asample of] 020 football spectators who were present at important football matches ,especially between Esteghlal and Piroozi teams, have been used for this research. According to the findings, football hooliganism, in part, is subject to some identical, group and situational variables: age, behavior, affectivity, suggestibility, group contagion, reading sports newspapers, police pcrfonnance, and excessive appeal to specific sports teams. Moreover, some factors which int1uence football hooliganism in Europe and other countries like social class, alcoholism and racism do not pose an influence on Iranian football violence