اثرات زير ساخت ، كاربري و سرريز ساخت ، كاربري و سرريز فناوري اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر رشد اقتصادي در كشورهاي درحال توسعه

The Infrastructure, Usage and Spillover Impacts of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Economic Growth (EG) in Developing Countries

Analysis of ICT impacts on the economic performance has been started since 1990s. Researches have found different results about 1C1 outcomes in different countries at macro level. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impacts of ICT on the HCi in developing countries using the steady stale growth theory in the period of 1995-2003 for a sample of 5 I developing countries and different sub samples: This paper uses three types of variables for ICT; fixed line phone penetration and network index (ICT infrastructure), internet penetration and ICT-usc index {ICT usage), and ICT expenditure (spillover effect) to estimate the benefits of ICT. Findings state that non-lCT capital, fixed line phone and internet penetration, network index, ICT-use index, ICTʹGDP, ICT per capita and trade openness have positive effects, while inflation rale and population growth rate have negative effects on the KG in developing countries. The effect of human capital on the KG isnʹt stable. In addition, the economic convergency is confirmed in (lie mentioned countries. The paper concludes that I CI affects ihe KG in three ways: ICT as a sector, ICT- usage, and ICT diffusion throughout the economy. So, it seems that the ʹʹProductivity Paradox" does not appear in developing countries.