فراواني صداهاي سوم و چهارم قلب در اسب

Prevalence of the third and fourth heart sounds in horse

The third and fourth heart sounds arc audible in associanon with the first and second sounds in some horses, The prevalence of these sounds is variable in different studies, which could be partly due to the number of horses taken for research. This study was carried out on 526 elinieally normal horses. The prevalence of the third and fourth heart sounds was found to be 23% and 50%, respectively. Auscultation was carried out independently and simultaneously by two clinicians using ordinary and sensor stethoscopes, respectively. The effects of age, sex and heart rate on the prevalence of the third and fourth heart sounds showed that the heart rate has the major role on the prevalence of these two sounds. Therefore, at the time of auscultation the heart rate should be taken into consideration