بررسي نقش هاي معنايي جملات پرسشي و امري در قصايد خاقاني

A Study of the Semantic Functions of the Exclamatory Sentences in Khaghaniʹs Quasidas

Khaghaniʹs Quasidas follow different purposes, ranging from eulogy to reproof and exhortation. Apparently, this implies inconsistency and paradox; but the controlling voice of Khaghani, with his characteristic subtlety and precision of mind, endows his work with an organic unity in which language and content are inseparably joined. To discuss the nature of this unity we have examined the exclamatory sentences applied in his Quasidas. Exclamatory sentences are considered very important in semantics. Our particular interest in exclamatory sentence is due to the fact that they have no truth value. Referring to no external fact, and expressing only its speakers thought and emotion a exclamatory sentence provides no ground for any discussion of its truth or falsity. We have classified the exclamatory sentences of interrogation and imperative into two categories of the grammatical and the semantic. Only occasionally has Khaghani used exclamatory sentences in their original meaning. Most of these sentences express a secondary meaning. In this paper Khaghaniʹs exclamatory sentence are classified into different categories of semantic functions assigned to them by their speaker. A statistical analysis of the frequency of different semantic functions assigned to Khaghaniʹs exclamatory sentences provides an explanation of the authorʹs style and his purpose in composing Quasidas on different matters.