نگاشت نهادي و راهبردهاي تحليل نظام ملي نوآوري

Institutional Mapping An instrument for understa- nding and Analysis of National Innovation System.

With Changing the technology and science policy making paradigm from linear approach to system approach, in addition to adopting supporting policies for compensating the phenomenon of market failure, the government should adopt and formulate particular measures and policies for removing system deficiencies. By presenting a relative clear picture from the status of players and elements of technology and science system of the country and the scale as well as the way of their interactions, institutional mapping could assist considerably the government to identify the factors of system deficiency. In this paper, first the concept, Application and the elements of National innovation system would be explained and then, the significance and requirement of institutional mapping would be examined in terms of technology and science policy making. At the end, the approaches of economic cooperation and development organization and offered approach of Kapron and Sinsra for institutional mapping would be presented.