كليدواژه :
ارزيابي , نگهداري , استاندارد ISO 14001 , عملكرد محيط زيستي
چكيده لاتين :
Earth damages from human disturbance and sometimes it shows reactions. Thus, in recent decades, many politicians, professionals and experts have tried to protect the human habitat and environment and have prepared regulations and legal requirements such as ISO 14001 standard.
The set of ISO 14000 environmental standards that the general idea of this collection, creating a systematic approach to reduce the damage that an organization can be brought into environment.
This standard have a lot of benefits such as reduce the environmental damages, increase productivity and efficiency of services and activities, increase energy efficiency, economize on energy consumption, using clean energies, replacement and deployment of renewable sources of materials and processes to reduce pollutants in organizations. Our aim in this study includes:
1) introducing standard ISO 14001: 2004 as one environmental management system. 2) Identifying barriers to the maintenance standard IS014001: 2004 in organizations. 3) Representing model to evaluate maintaining the standard ISO 14001 in organizations. 4) Evaluating the standard ISO 14001 maintaining in region 7, Tehran Municipality. In this study, in order to build the model to evaluate the ISO 14001 standard maintaining, the following steps is taken:
1) Providing criteria:
Criteria were provided to distinguish obstacles to the maintenance of this standard in each of paragraphs of standard by reading articles and interviewing with standard ISO 14001 auditors in certification body. Nvivo8 soft ware was used to determine relationship between obstacles and Deming cycle stages then 13 different criteria were selected to evaluate.
2) Determining Criteria weight:
In this section of the study analysis hierarchical process was used to determine the weights of criteria.
3) Standardization and determination of optimal conditions for each criterion:
Mental storm was used to standardization and determination of optimal conditions for criteria in region 7, Tehran Municipality.
4) Construction Model
Weighted Linear Combination was used to construct the model.
y = J" Wi x Xi
i=i
y = Environmental performance of organization n = Number of criteria Wi = Criteria weight Xi = Amount of utility for each criterion.
The region7 has a 1536800 square meter area that encloses 2.1% total area of Tehran and it has the fifteenth place in area among regions of Tehran (fig. 1). This region places in the heart of Tehran and has 5 areas and 17 quarters. The most well known quarters in this region are Gorgan, Nezam Abad, Abbas Abad, Eshrat Abad and Andisheh. Region 7 is neighbor of Region 3 and 4 in the north, region 8 in the east, region 6 in the west and region 12 and 13 in the south. Resalat high way is its northern frontier while its southern frontier is Enghelab and Damavand streets. The eastern frontier is Sabalan and southern part of Magidieh street while Modarres high way and Doctor Shahid Beheshti Street is its western frontier. 329920 persons live in the region 7 The position of region 7 in the center of Tehran and development of central part accompanying changes in residential uses into commercial-official utilizations makes effects such as attracting travel to the region, different traffic in night and day, lack of car parks, etc. in case of continuous current trend and lack of appropriate plan in future to eliminate these problems, all residential parts may be changes in to commercial, official centers, workplace and storage while increasing residential uses in the center of city and modifying social structure of residential regions according to a right plan framework can survive, revive and fortify social and cultural role of central part basically.
The results of identified criteria in maintenance ISO 14001: 2004 standard in organizations represent in the table l and criteria weight and result of region 7 assessment show in table2 .Region 7,Tehran Municipality obtain score of 36/63 in this evaluation (according to table 1) that the number is small in range 0 to 130.
Table l: Evaluation criteria in maintenance IS014001: 2004 standard
Criteria Deming cycle
Professional executive team Knowledge of personnel about EMS Progress of plan Basic indicators to evaluate the operations activities Implementation
Management review team that it informs the organization and environmental management system Budget allocated to IS014001 standard Action
Performing internal audit with internal auditors Periodic monitoring of indicators Preventive measures Non-compliance Monitor team for EMS Review
Updated and credible Documents Senior management commitment to environmental policy Planning Criteria Weight Value Weight x Value
Professional executive team 0.2801 35 9.80
Budget allocated to ISO 14001 standard 0.2001 55 11.01
Progress of plan 0.1160 30 3.48
Monitor team for EMS 0.1030 30 3.09
Management review team that it informs the organization and 0.1003 20 2.01
environmental management system
Updated and credible documents 0.0616 80 4.93
Knowledge of personnel about EMS 0.0322 30 .97
Periodic monitoring of indicators 0.0261 20 .52
Non-compliance 0.0246 10 .25
Performing internal audit with internal auditors 0.0240 5 0.12
Basic indicators to evaluate the operations activities 0.0156 12 0.19
Preventive measures 0.0086 0 0
Senior management commitment to environmental policy 0.0078 35 0.27
SUM 36.63
This study showed that despite the many benefits that ISO 14001 standard establishment have for organizations, IS014001 standard maintaining is necessary. The results represent that professional executive team criteria and budget allocated to ISO 14001 standard criteria are the most important criteria in this standard maintenance. Results of evaluation in region 7, Tehran Municipality show maintaining ISO 14001 standard is poor, although the standard of ISO 14001 certification this organization not much time passed. Fortunately, many the internal organizations receive ISO 14001 certification each year. Today, many factors simulate to receive of this standard in organizations.
