بررسي انواع اسيدهاي چرب در بذور تعدادي از جمعيت هاي ريحان (.Ocimum basilicum L) در ايران

Survey on fatty acids of seed oil in some populatins of Ocimum basilicum L. in Iran

Ocimum basilicum L. is belong to the lamiaceae family which is cultivated as an culinary, industrial and medicinal plants in some countries from thousands years ago. The seeds of this plant is rich in poly un-saturated fattyacids(PUFA) and produced a large amount of mucilage. The oil of seeds were extracted separately and converted to fatty acidʹs methyl esters, and composition of fattyacids in seed oils was determined by Gas Chromatography. The results show that the highest amount of total fatbetween (A.W.L.P.), (28.98 % of dw) in Ardabil ( L.P.) and lowest( 17.25 % of dw) in A.G.2 ( W.P.). The highest amount of palmitic acid is between (A.W.L.P.), (34.81 mol%) in Kermanshah( L.P.) and Iowest(2.05 mol%) is in Kerman (L.P.). The highest amount of stearic acid is between (A.W.L.P.), (7.56 mol%) in Ahvaz ( L.P.) and lowest(1.42 mol%) in Ardabil (W.P.). The highest amount of oleic acid between (A.W.L.P.), (22.81 mol%) in Ghom ( L.P.) and lowest(11.10 mol%) in A.G.2 (W.P.). The highest amount of linoleic acid between (A.W.L.P.), (25.60 mol%) in A.G.I ( L.P.) and lowest(15.55 mol%) in Kermanshah (L.P.). The highest amount of linolenic acid between (A.W.L.P.), (53.89 mol%) in A.G.I (W.P.) and lowest(28.08 mol%) in Kermanshah (L.P.). The results also definite clearly that the seeds of O. basilicum L. populations have large amount of un-saturated fatty acids, mucilage(that formed supriour outer layer)and they have a few amount of saturated fatty acids.