سياست خاورميانه اي هند و اسراييل؛ از تضاد تا همكاري

Middle Eastern Foreign Policy of India and Israel; from Conflict to Cooperation

رابطه هند با رژيم صهيونيستي در شش دهه گذشته فراز و نشيب بسياري را طي كرده است. هنديان از ديرباز در زمره حاميان اعراب بودند و مدت ها پيش از طرح تقسيم به موضوع فلسطين جانبدارانه مي نگريستند. به رغم تلاش هاي بسيار يهوديان و دولت اشغالگر طي چهار دهه، هند تمايلي به بهبود روابط با اسراييل نداشت. كوشش مقامات يهودي كه زمينه هاي بسياري براي همكاري هاي سياسي، نظامي و امنيتي را نويد مي داد و بر ارزش نسبي روابط مي افزود، اقبالي هندي در پي نداشت. تا پيش از فروپاشي شوروي و شروع مذاكرات سازش، هند همواره ناقد صريح سياست ها و رفتارهاي اسراييل بود؛ اسراييل در سياست خاورميانه اي هند جايگاهي نداشت و دولت هاي مختلف برآمده از گروه ها و احزاب متفاوت هندي به دليل حمايت افكار عمومي از فلسطينيان و لزوم توجه به خواسته هاي اقليت بانفوذ مسلمان، از برقراري رابطه با اسراييل اكراه داشتند. شروع روند سازش و تمايل ساف به مذاكره با اسراييل و نيز سقوط حامي قديمي هند (شوروي) از مهم ترين دلايل برقراري رابطه با اسراييل به شمار مي رود. اين روابط پس از دو دهه اكنون به بالاترين سطوح خود در سه حوزه سياسي، نظامي و امنيتي رسيده است.

India and Zionist regime relationships have had many ups and downs over the past six decades. Indians have been among the supporters of Arabs for a long time and had been backing the Palestinian issue long before the partition plan of Palestine. India had proved no tendency to improve its relationship with Israel regardless of Jews and the occupier government‘s massive efforts over four decades. The efforts exerted by Jewish officials would furnish the ground for political, military and security cooperation and would add to the relative value of the mutual relationships, though Indians paid no real attention to this. India had always been an open critical to Israeli policies and attitudes before the collapse of the Soviet Union and beginning of the peace negotiations. In other words, Israel had no place in India’s Middle Eastern foreign policy. Moreover, different governments originated from diverse Indian groups and parties were reluctant to have relationships with Israel regarding the public opinion support for Palestinians and considering the desires of heavyweight Muslim minorities. However, the beginning of the peace negotiations and the Palestine Liberation Organization’s (PLO) tendency to negotiate with Israel, and the collapse of the Soviet Union as India’s old ally are among the most important reasons to begin relationships with Israel. Now, after two decades their political, military, and security relationships have reached the highest levels.