رتبه‌بندي زمينه‌هاي توسعه گردشگري در نواحي روستايي، با استفاده از تاپسيس خاكستري (مطالعه موردي: نواحي روستايي شهرستان ورزقان)

Ranking the Development of Tourism and its Backgrounds in Rural Areas, Using Gray Topsis (Case Study: Rrual Areas of Varzaghan Township)

منابع طبيعي و جاذبه‌هاي گردشگري ايران گنجينه‌اي است كه براي استفاده بهينه از آن بايد توجه گردشگران داخلي و خارجي به جاذبه‌هاي روستايي گسترش يابد و روش‌هاي مديريت موثر و كارآمد مناسب اتخاذ شود. بهره‌برداري بهينه از فرصت‌هاي موجود در زمينه گردشگري، مانند هر فعاليت ديگري مستلزم انجام مطالعات اصولي و طرح برنامه‌هاي مبتني بر تحقيقات و مديريت علمي است. از اساسي‌ترين فعاليت‌هاي علمي در حوزه گردشگري، ارزيابي منابع قابل توسعه در اين زمينه است. نواحي روستايي داراي منابع و جاذبه‌هاي فراواني است كه قابليت سرمايه‌گذاري دارد. بنابراين براي فراهم كردن بستر مناسب سرمايه‌گذاري، شناسايي اين نواحي در گام نخست ضروري است و بهترين مكانيسم براي اين شناسايي به كارگيري روش‌هاي مختلف و دقيق علمي است. شهرستان ورزقان داراي جاذبه‌هاي فراوان گردشگري است كه تا به حال توجه چنداني به آن نشده است، لذا با ارزيابي دقيق جاذبه‌هاي گردشگري و معرفي آن به سرمايه‌گذاران بخش گردشگري مي‌توان شاهد شكوفايي مناطق روستايي شهرستان از نظر گردشگري بود. جامعه آماري مقاله تمام جاذبه‌هاي مطرح شهرستان است كه سالانه گردشگران به آنجا مراجعه مي‌كنند. شاخص‌هاي مورد بررسي با رويكرد فضايي مكاني براي ارزيابي با توجه به اسناد و منابع موجود مدنظر قرار گرفت و با استفاده از تيوري خاكستري- كه يكي از روش‌هاي تصميم‌گيري تحت شرايط عدم قطعيت است- با تلفيق اين روش با تاپسيس به ارزيابي جاذبه‌هاي گردشگري، نواحي روستايي مستعد سرمايه‌گذاري در بخش گردشگري شهرستان ورزقان را مشخص كرده است. براساس نتيجه به دست آمده جاذبه جنگل‌هاي ارسباران به عنوان بهترين گزينه بين ساير جاذبه‌ها براي سرمايه‌گذاري انتخاب شده است.

The touristic Resources and the attractions based on tourism, constitute the main topics in this field. Studies of these two topics, form the foundations of tourism. Resources and tourist attractions of the constituent elements of tourism are considered. Varzaquan County has a great potential for tourism development. There are pristine natural areas, climatic conditions, naturally beautiful landscapes such as forests Arasbaran, Chychaklu, all hands in have to make this city a special place for attracting the tourists. In this research, rankings of the city are based on ability and suitability for tourism development. In analysis and application of spatial data there are usually same uncertainities. Different reasons form these uncertainties in the data model and the presented model in this paper and is based on the spatial data, reduces the mentioned problem. The present approach is based on gray theory has recently been presented in scientific circles. A major focus of this paper is to enhance the effectiveness of the Original TOPSIS Method to evaluate the system of indicator-based model. Therefore, the authers have introduced the weight of each index to the Original TOPSIS Method for improvement. Initially, the Gray Correlation Analysis Method is utilized to calculate the weight of each index. In the recent years, the Gray Correlation Analysis Method has been widely used in the fields of geology, ecology, economic and so on. It is an effective method to examine the relationship between statisticd data by judging the interrelationship between the two indices based on the extent of their links. Secondly, the calculated weights are added to the Original TOPSIS Method. Evidently, the indicator-based model (based on selected indices) is applied in all kinds of field in terms of decision-making. Thus the evaluation system of indicator-based model plays an essential role. In recent years, the Original TOPSIS Method has been widely applied in evaluating the performance of indicator-based model, which has no restriction of sample size and data distribution pattern. Unfortunately, it’s undeniable that the selected indices have always some certain relationships with the effectiveness of the structuredmodels. Additionally, the changes of each index may lead to the internal change of the interactions between indices. All defects mentioned above may contribute to the deviation, which causes negative affects on decision-making. Methodology The gray theory has been described in paper. It also surveys the evaluations of tourist attractions, rural areas prone to invest in Varzaquan County eith its touristic attractions. Unfortunately, no or little atlention has paid to these attractions. Combining the mentioned method with evaluated Topsis tourist attractions, rural areas tend to invest in the tourism sector in Varzaquan County. Results The Original TOPSIS Method is failed to take the weights of indices into account. Consequently, the evaluation results calculated by the Original TOPSIS Method are essentially accord with the physical circumstances. In an attempt to reflect the actual impact of each index, some researchers have utilized the Subjective Evaluation Method. However, this method is proved to be largely influenced by various subjective situations. In this Paper, the authors have proposed a new method named Modified TOPSIS Method utilizing Gray theory to improve the evaluation system of indicator-based model. Conclusion Compared with the Original TOPSIS Method, the Modified TOPSIS Method is more objective. It is able to avoid the mistakes caused by the indices which are essentially measured by the same factors, without which they would wrongly magnify the impacts growing in the same direction on the evaluation system. Natural resources and ecotourism attractions of Iran treasures of this country. For optimal use, every one should try attract domestic and foreign tourists to the of rural regions under an effective manageme. Optimum utilization of existing opportunities in the field of tourism, like any other activity, requires fundamental studies as wellas designing programs based on scientific researches. Different areas of investment locations, have particular characteristics. There fore, each location could have high potentials for investment. One of the most important scientific activities in the field of tourism is resources assessment. Rural areas have a lot of touristic attractions with the ability for investment. The best result obtained among other attractions for investment attraction, has been Arasbaran fores.