بررسي مشخصات فردي، علايم باليني شايع و سابقه نوع رژيم غذايي مصرفي در مبتلايان به كم كاري يا پركاري تيروييد در همدان

Evaluation of individual characteristics, common clinical signs and diet history in patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism in Hamedan

مقدمه و هدف: اختلال هاي تيروييد شايع ترين اختلال هاي باليني هستند. اين پژوهش به بررسي مشخصات فردي، علايم باليني و سابقه رژيم غذايي در مبتلايان به كم كاري يا پركاري تيروييد در همدان، پرداخته است. مواد و روش‌ها: اين مطالعه گذشته نگر مقطعي به بررسي شاخص هاي مورد نظر پژوهش، طي سال هاي 1382 تا 1386 در همدان پرداخته و جامعه آماري، شامل همه مبتلايان به كم كاري يا پركاري تيروييد در همدان بوده كه به مراكز درماني مراجعه كرده، پرونده تشكيل داده بودند. ابزار جمع آوري اطلاعات، پرسش-نامه و مصاحبه بود. در بررسي آماري، آزمون «مربع كاي» و «تي تست» استفاده شد. يافته ها: از 1080 نمونه، 63 درصد و 37 درصد به ترتيب داراي كم كاري و پركاري تيروييد بودند. فراواني گروه هاي خوني در مبتلايان در مقايسه با جمعيت نرمال، تفاوتي معنادار نداشت. تعداد مبتلايان در جنس مونث بيشتر از مذكر بود (001/0p < ). سابقه ازدواج فاميلي به ترتيب در 5/38 درصد و 39/18 درصد از والدين مبتلايان به پركاري و كم كاري تيروييد و سابقه تنش هاي رواني در 25/41 درصد مبتلايان به پركاري و 3/60 درصد مبتلايان به كم كاري تيروييد و سابقه رخداد آزاردهنده در 5/45 درصد مبتلايان به پركاري و 4/64 درصد از مبتلايان به كم كاري تيروييد مشاهده شد. ميانگين مصرف گوشت و غلات در مبتلايان، نسبت به ميانگين استاندارد حداقل مصرف مورد نياز، كمتر بود (01/0p < ). نتيجه گيري: بروز كم كاري يا پركاري تيروييد در زنان، شايع تر بوده، زمينه هاي ژنتيكي و تاريخچه خانوادگي و به طور خاص سابقه تنش هاي رواني از مهم ترين علل مرتبط با كم كاري يا پركاري تيروييد بوده است.

Background and Objective: Thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, are among the common clinical disorders occurring in most communities. The main aim of this study was to determine the individual characteristics, common clinical signs and diet history in patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism in different areas in Hamedan Materials and Methods: This study was a cross sectional retrospective study, which was conducted to investigate individual characteristics, common clinical signs and diet history in patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism during 2003-2007 in Hamedan province. Statistical population in our study comprised patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism referring to hospitals or care centers in different areas in Hamedan province during 2003-2007, and was documentary profiled. Individual questionnaire, clinical signs questionnaire, food frequency questionnaire and face to face interview were used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using t- or Chi-square tests to determine the association between variables and hypo- or hyperthyroidism in patients and to compare study subgroups. Results: The results showed that out of 1080 patients whom we studied, 63% were hypothyroid and 37% were hyperthyroid. The distribution of ABO blood group phenotype in hypo- or hyperthyroid patients was comparable to its normal distribution in the area. The frequency of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism was higher in females than males (p < 0.001). History of familial marriage was observed in 38.5% or 18.39% of parents of hyperthyroid or hypothyroid patients, respectively. History of psychological problems was common in 41.25% of hyperthyroid and in 60.3% of hypothyroid patients and a history of negative life events was observed in 45.5% of hyperthyroid and in 64.4% of hypothyroid patients. There was lower consumption of meat and cereal food groups in patients than standard recommended orders (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Occurrence of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism was more common in females than males. Genetic background, familial history, and psychological problems were among the important causes associated with hypo- or hyperthyroidism in patients in Hamedan.