ضرورت‌ها و راه‌كارهاي ترجمه متون تاريخي

Translating Ottoman Historical Texts, Necessities

از ابتداي روي كار آمدن دولت‌هاي صفوي و عثماني زبان و ادبيات شاخصه‌اي ممتاز در روابط فرهنگي ايران و عثماني به‌شمار مي‌آمد. زبان تركي عثماني با بهره‌گيري فراوان از واژه‌هاي فارسي و عربي در زمره زبان‌هاي اسلامي است و تا پايان حيات دولت عثماني زبان رسمي اين امپراتوري بود. مورخان عثماني به اقتضاي هم‌جواري، زبان مشترك، و تحولات في‌مابين دولت‌هاي ايران و عثماني در آثار خود به مسايل و رخدادهاي ايران به اجمال يا تفصيل پرداخته‌اند كه اين‌گونه آثار از نظر تاريخ‌نگاري ايران درخور توجه و تامل است. در دوره قاجار به‌ويژه در دوره ناصر‌الدين شاه برخي از اين آثار به فارسي برگردانده شد. بااين‌حال سنت ترجمه آثار تاريخي عثماني در ادوار بعد ادامه نيافت و مغفول ماند. نظر به چنين زمينه‌اي و اين‌كه اساساً مبحث عثماني‌پژوهي، با وجود اهميت وافر آن در ايران، از ادبيات غني‌اي بهره ندارد و مبحثي نوپا به‌شمار مي‌آيد، ضرورت دارد آثار برگزيده و منابع اصلي و معتبر تاريخ‌نگاري عثماني و بالاخص تاريخ‌نگاري روابط ايران و عثماني شناسايي و به زبان فارسي ترجمه شود تا منابع لازم براي پژوهش‌هاي عميق و دوسويه فراهم آيد. با توجه به چنين ضرورتي نوشتار حاضر بر آن است تا با نگاهي به علل و پيشينه ترجمه متون تاريخي از عثماني به فارسي در دو سده اخير، آثار و منابع برگزيده را براي ترجمه به‌اجمال معرفي كند و در پايان پيشنهادها و راه‌كارهايي براي وصول به اين مقصود ارايه كند.

Iran and Ottaman history have always had a lot in common regarding history, culture, and religion. Being neighbor and vast common borders, having same religions, having a lot in common regarding language, literature , and Art caused the two nations have mutual effects in each other’s history. Ottoman Turkish with a lot of derivations (borrowings) from Persian and Arabic words is classified as one of the Islamic languages which had been the official language of Ottoman emperor at the old times. Considering the historiography, during the long period of having relationship with Iran, the Ottoman historians have written about Iran issues and events briefly or in detail, due to the fact that the two countries are neighbors, have similar language and interim developments. To historians such works are of value and worth consideration. In Qajar era, especially at the time of Nasser al-Din Shah (during Nasser al-Din Shah Reign) some of these works have been translated into Persian, among them are such works as Hamidi Hitory translated by Ali Gholi Khan, Biography of Sultan Abdul Hamid and the situation of the Ottoman Empire during his reign, translated by Mohammad Hassan Khan Etemad ol-Saltaneh. Ever since the tradition of translating Ottaman history texts didn’t blossom, and was neglected. Because of such background and the fact that researches about Ottoman basically lack a rich literature, it is necessary to recognize the well known works and main and authentic sources in historiography of Ottoman, and particularly historiography of Iran and Ottoman relations, and translate them into Persian. In that case all the needed materials for deep bilateral research will be provided. This study, aims at introducing literature in the field of translating history texts from Ottoman to Persian in the last two decades, and the selected works and sources with a glance at the reasons. At the end some suggestions and strategies for reaching this goal is presented.