نارسايي شهرت روايي درعرصه‌ي فقه وحديث

The Insufficiency of Narrational Publicity in the Field of Jurisprudence and Hadith

اكثر اصوليين شهرت روايي را به معناي شيوع و گستردگي نقل روايت در كتابها و جوامع روايي گرفته‌اند، كه بر اساس اين تعريف، شهرت روايي نه ‌تنها جابر ضعف سند روايت نمي‌شود؛ بلكه در تعارض روايات هم از اسباب و عوامل ترجيح به شمار نمي‌رود. چون كثرت نقل يك روايت در كتابها دليل بر صحت آن روايت نمي‌شود. «ربِّ شهره لااصلِ لَها» چه بسا امور مشهوري كه هيچ اصل و اساسي ندارند! شهرت روايي به تنهايي بدون همراه شدن با شهرت عملي به هيچ وجه رُجحاني براي روايت ايجاد نمي‌كند؛ بلكه اگر روايت مشهور مورد اعراض فقها قرار گيرد از نشانه‌هاي ضعف و سستي آن به شمار مي‌رود.

Most of the legal theoreticians (usulis) have taken the narrational publicity as the prevalence and spread of relating traditions in books and collections of hadith, according to which, the narrational publicity would not only not compensate the weakness of the sanad of the hadith, but also would not be considered as among the causes and factors of preference in the contradiction of traditions, either; because the frequent relation of a hadith in books is no reason for its authenticity. Many are the popular matters that are baseless and have no authenticity whatsoever! Narrational publicity would not create a preference for the hadith by itself and without accompanying practical publicity; rather, if a generally accepted hadith is repudiated by the jurists, it is regarded as a sign for its weakness.