پديد آورندگان :
اسفندياري درآباد، فريبا نويسنده دانشيار ژيومورفولوژي، دانشگاه محقق اردبيلي، اردبيل , , غفاري گيلانده ، عطا نويسنده استاديار گروه جغرافيا و برنامهريزي شهري، دانشگاه محقق اردبيلي، اردبيل , , لطفي، خداداد نويسنده كارشناس ارشد ژيومورفولوژي، دانشگاه محقق اردبيلي، اردبيل ,
كليدواژه :
آسيبپذيري , شهر اردبيل , مدل تاپسيس , زلزله
چكيده فارسي :
امروزه با توجه به رشد سريع جمعيت كه بهتبع آن، توسعه ساختوسازها اجتنابناپذير شده است، هر روز بر فشار نيازهاي زميني بشر افزوده شده و بهره برداري از مناطق اطراف شهرها و روستاها براي ايجاد خانه و تاسيسات اقتصادي و صنعتي فزوني مييابد و گاهي سكونتگاههاي جديد استقرار اجباري دارند، اما آنچه حايز اهميت است، وضعيت اسفبار شهرها و كلانشهرهايي است كه روي گسلها يا در مجاورت آن ساخته شده و در معرض خطر زلزله قرار دارند. منطقه مورد مطالعه (شهر اردبيل) روي يك دشت رسوبي با مواد آبرفتي كمتر تحكيميافته مستقر بوده و با زنجيرهاي از گسلها احاطه شده است. وجود اين گسلها و سابقه لرزهخيزي آنها و نيز، قرارگيري شهر اردبيل روي سازندهاي سست آبرفتي از يك سو و ناهمگني در شاخصهاي كالبدي از سوي ديگر، همواره شهر اردبيل را در برابر زمينلرزه مستعد آسيب كرده است. از آنجايي كه در ارزيابي ريسك زلزله شهر اردبيل، عوامل متعددي دخيل هستند، لذا نياز به استفاده از روشي كه بتواند تلفيقي منطقي بين اين عوامل ايجاد كند، ضروري به نظر ميرسد. در اين راستا كاربرد مدل تاپسيس مد نظر بوده است. نتايج حاصل از تحليل درجات آسيبپذيري در مناطق چهارگانه شهر اردبيل، نشان ميدهد كه ميزان آسيب وارده در منطقه 3 بيشتر از ساير مناطق است، بهگونهاي كه 37/4 درصد از مساحت اين منطقه (32/67 هكتار)، رتبه آسيبپذيري 7 را دارد. در برآورد ميزان آسيبپذيري مناطق مختلف شهري در برابر زلزله، مطالعاتي ميتواند سودمندتر باشد كه با جزييات و تفصيل بيشتري به اين مطالعات بپردازد، تا سلسلهمراتب آسيبها با جزييات دقيقتري مشخص شود. از اين رو در پژوهش حاضر براي دستيابي به اين هدف، برآن شديم كه در هر يك از مناطق چهارگانه شهر، بهتفكيك محلات، به برآورد ضريب آسيبها بپردازيم. بر اساس نتايجي كه از تحليل درجات آسيب در سطح شهر به تفكيك محلات، بهدستآمد، محله 2 از منطقه 3 شهر، آسيبپذيرترين محدوده شهر شناسايي شد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Nowadays, based on the rapid growth of population that made the development of construction inevitable , Each day, it is added to the pressure of human land needs And operation of the areas around towns and villages in order to create economical and industrial facilities and houses is rising And sometimes new settlements are forced to be established, but what is important is that the plight situation of cities and metropolitan areas which are built on or near the fault and are at risk of earthquake .The study area ( Ardabil ) is located on an alluvial plain with less strengthened sediments, and is surrounded by a chain faults . these faults and their background of seismicity, and also the position of the city of Ardabil on the loose alluvial formations on the one hand And heterogeneity of the physical parameters on the other hand, has made Ardabil city prone to be damaged in the earthquakes .Hence, in the following research the assessment of the vulnerability factor of Ardabil city against the earthquake will be discussed.
Methodology
Methods that are used in this study, including maps and data archives are related to the criteria that determine the vulnerability factor of cities against the earthquakes. The data is obtained based on the use of library resources, documentary, digital and websites in which are related to the topic of research and visiting organizations such as Ardebil crisis management, the roads and urban development, regional water Authority and governor of the province. Since, several factors are involved in the assessment of Ardabil earthquake risk, so necessity of using a reasonable method that combines these factors would seem to be necessary. TOPSIS model has been considered in this context. Software used in this study to fit the application are: Arc GIS software version 3/9, Arc view version 3/3, IDRISI Kilimanjaro and Grapher 4, the phases of the entry, storage and management, processing and analysis data and Excel version 2007 for quantitative calculations.
Results and Discussion
The obtained results of analyzing the degrees of the vulnerability of the four areas in Ardabil indicate that the extent of damage in the region3 is more than other regions, so that the 37/4 % of the area of this region (32/67 acres) owns vulnerability ranking 7.due to assessing the range of vulnerability of different urban areas against the earthquake, studies can be useful which expand these studies with the details, so the hierarchy of the injuries to be specified with more detail. Hence, in the present study to achieve this goal, we decided that in every part of the four areas of the city, based on the breakdown of neighborhoods to estimate the coefficient damages. According to the results which is obtained by the means of analyzing the degrees of damage around the city area and based on the breakdown of neighborhoods, the neighborhood 2 out of the region 3 was identified as the most vulnerable city area.
Conclusion
The establishment of urban centers on the high-risk zones, have been threatened these cities and put them in a serious damaging condition. It takes a tougher threatening situation when the basic infrastructure and key principles that are affecting the extent of damage, are being as Negligence cases And an example of it is clearly seen in the under study region; The assessment of results of the analysis on the scope of the vulnerability of different parts of Ardabil indicated that, in each area of the city in which the principles and standards of construction are known, that area is more desirable in terms of vulnerability index, And the cases are out of this principle, created special circumstances of vulnerability. An Example of this situation can be seen with the evidenced review which was conducted on the selected pixels in Figure 13 and Table 8. Based on that analysis was done with a macro perspective and deep look, it became clear the neighborhood 2 out of the region 3, own the most vulnerability in the city area.
