جايگاه اصالت درمرمت بافت

Authenticity Status in Context Restoration

اين پژوهش كه با عنوان"جايگاه اصالت درمرمت بافت" ارايه ميشود با هدف كيفيت بخشيدن به مفهوم مرمت بافت و ارتقا مطلوبيت فضاي بافت هاي تاريخي كشورمان انجام شده است. اين پژوهش سعي در بازآفريني دانش مرتبط با مفاهيم هنر اصيل و بومي مرمت از طريق مقايسه نظريه هاي گوناگون در علوم رفتاري، روان شناسي و مرمت شهري دارد. اين نگاه تاثير دو مولفه حس مكان و حس تعلق، كه باعث اصالت بخشيدن به فضاي مرمت شده بافت مي شوند را در فرضيه خود طرح م يكند. اين پژوهش به صورت كيفي و بر مبناي روش فرا تحليل 1كه نوعي مرور آثار مكتوب است، نوشته شده است. در كنار اين روش از مدل تطبيقي 2براي تبيين و مقايسه مفاهيم استفاده شده است. اين روش بر تقابل نظريه هاي مختلف براساس يافته هاي پژوهشگران در حوز ههاي مختلف علوم مرتبط با مرمت شهري استوار مي باشد. روايي اين روش بستگي به دقت در جستجوي متون، انتخاب مناسب نظريه ها و استنباط مفاهيم و گزار ههاي تحليل يافته و نتيجه گيري حاصل از تحليل مجدد يافت هها دارد. يافتن مولفه هاي موثر در اصالت بخشي به مفهوم مرمت بافت و همچنين شناخت جايگاه مشخصي براي يافتن اصالت در علوم مختلف و ديدگاه هاي مرتبط با هنر مرمت از جمله سوالاتي است كه در اين پژوهش به آن پاسخ داده مي شود. بحث در اين مقاله ماندگار كردن بافت به واسطه كيفي كردن مفهوم مرمت، از طريق القا مفاهيمي همچون شخصيت و كمال بافت و همچنين دانستن جايگاه اصالت و ارزش هاي آن در شكلگيري فرآيند مرمت ميباشد. افزايش و ارتقا حس تعلق و حس مكان در نهايت منجر به افزايش كيفيت زندگي افراد ادراك كننده بافت شده و في نفسه در اصالت بخشيدن به فضا در حوزه روا نشناسي گشتالت موثر خواهد بود و تاثير كيفي آن باعث ارتقا ادراك زيبايي بافت مي شود. اميد است با ارايه اين مقاله بتوان ضرورت شناخت جايگاه اصالت در مرمت بافت هاي قديم خود را بازشناسي نمود.

In the old textures of Iranian cities, aesthetic is not what can be seen, but is what should be perceived by psycho-mental aspects. The present study aims to give a better understanding of restoration of the historical textures of Iran, and by doing so, to enhance its acceptability. This is accomplished through comparing different theories in fields such as behavioral sciences, psychology and urban restoration. Another major goal of this research is to improve the quality of meaning of restoration and to promote the urban fabric quality in the historical cities of Iran. The study tries to revive the concept of restoration process. Thus, the interaction between two factors, namely, the sense of place and attachment, enhancing the authenticity of the restored urban textures, has been considered in the research hypothesis. A qualitative methodology based on Meta-Analysis method, on which the previous literature is based, was used. Also, a comparative model was used to compare the relevant concepts. Naturally, the research reliability relies on the academic validity of the studies’ writings, selection of the relevant theories, extraction of the concepts and analyzed proportions as well as conclusion of the data reanalysis. The study tries to determine the influential elements enhancing the authenticity of the restored urban textures. In addition, it has been tried to provide the necessary criteria by which the authenticity itself may be obtained through considering different theories and visions on restoration. The ways to perpetuate the urban textures through redefines have been examined. This is done by conveying concepts such as the character of the urban textures as well as recognizing their place and value in the process of restoration. The enhancement of the sense of place and attachment eventually lead to promotion of people’s standard of living in a restored space, a fact which is especially considerable from the point of view of the Gestalt psychology. All this may help improve the appreciation of aesthetic aspect of the urban textures. Considering that the historical places and buildings in every urban texture may be looked at through their unique characteristics, restoration of such places and buildings could lead to reinforcing the dignity of the urban texture. Experiencing a place- having an emotional interaction with the place, in a sense- creates a sense of belonging to it. This, however, may be realized if two conditions are met: firstly, such an interaction must enjoy a symbolic language and be based on the beliefs creating that texture. Secondly, the meaning and significance of space and place transferred by the architect should be augmented. Finally, the identity of persons and that of place are associated with metaphysical concepts. In short, the issues related with the urban identity supporting authenticity can be listed as follows: • Taking advantage of the essence of the Gestalt psychology in terms of conveying the sense of belonging. • Reviving the past beliefs and memories of those who appreciated a given urban texture without creating a nostalgic feeling. • Creating a semiotic as well as symbolic language indicating a local identity. In the realm of behavioral science, too, the sense of belonging is the resultant of a pleasant and beautiful space eventually leading not only to an enhanced living standard but also to an increased appreciation of the aesthetic sense of a place. To this end, in order to enrich the concepts of sense of place and sense of belonging to urban textures, the followings items can be considered as the constituents of the research hypothesis: • Keeping the life and reviving the past history of the city. • Creating coherence in spatial qualities and removing unpleasant changes. • Perpetuating the sense of place through preventing intercity migrations. • Encouraging the residents of the developments to effectively engage in social gatherings to augment the sense of companionship. • Cementing as well as reviving collective identity in the neighborhoods through paving the ground for participation in voluntary social activities • Perpetuating a place by means of increasing the neighborhood’s inhabilitabilty. • Simultaneous fulfillment of two key elements: taking advantage of a symbolic language represented in a neighborhood’s texture as well as psychologically increasing the aesthetic criteria in the neighborhood by reviving well-established beliefs, regardless of the fact that whether the passersby are the residents of the neighborhood or not. • Keeping the traditional, structural and behavioral patterns of each neighborhood. To sum it up, the goal of this article is not only context durability that comes from recreating and recuperating authenticity status in context restoration but also achieving urban fabric aesthetic from psychological and behavioral point of view.