تاثير پذيري جواهري از گرايش هاي شعري غالب در دوره عباسي

Al-Jawahiri’s affectedness by the major poetic trends of the Abbasid era

جواهري، بزرگترين شاعر كلاسيك معاصر عراق، در سال 1900 در نجف اشرف، در خانواده اي فرهيخته و صاحب علم و ادب ديده به جهان گشود. محيط علمي و فرهنگي نجف، شرايط علمي و ادبي حاكم بر خانه و ذوق و نبوغ ادبي شاعر باعث شد تا او به اشعار پيشينيان به ويژه شاعران دوره عباسي روي آورد و به مطالعه و حفظ ديوان هاي شاعران نامدار اين دوره بپردازد. اين امر باعث شد كه شاعر در سرودن اشعار خود از شعراي بزرگ اين دوره چون: ابوالعلا معرّي، بحتري، متنبي، ابوتمام، و ديگر شاعران معروف الگو بگيرد و به شيوه آنها شعر بسرايد. به طوري كه اين الگوبرداري را مي توان به روشني در اشعار وي مشاهده كرد. او شاعري است كه اشعارش كلاسيك و در زمره شاعران مكتب سنت گراي شعر معاصر قرار دارد. در اين مقاله پس از بررسي زندگي و اشعار جواهري و تحليل اشعار وي، با ذكر شواهد و دلايل، گرايش هاي شاعر به شعر و شاعران دوره عباسي ثابت شده و روشن مي شود كه جواهري در اغراض و سبك شعري خود از شعر دوره عباسي بسيار اثر پذيرفته است به طوري كه با صرف نظر از زمان، مي توان ادعا كرد او شاعري عباسي است كه فقط زمان او را موخر داشته و به عنوان شاعر معاصر شناخته شده است.

Al-Jawahiri, one of the most illustrious contemporary classical poets of Iraq, was born in the holy city of Najaf to a cultured, scholarly, and cultivated family. The scientific and cultural environment of Najaf, the literary and scientific richness of his familial atmosphere, and Al-Jawahiri’s poetic taste and talent caused him to turn to his predecessor poets’ works, especially the ones from the Abbasid era, and to begin reading and memorizing the poetic collections of the well-known poets of that era. This led him to follow the styles of the great Abbasid era poets such as Abul ?Ala Al-Ma?arri, al-Buhtur?, al-Mutanabb?, Abu Tammam, etc. to compose his own pieces of poetry, which can be apparently witnessed in his works. He is a poet with classical works, and is considered to be among the contemporary classicist poets. After presentation of his biography, the article at hand provides and analyses some of the Al-Jawahiri’s poems. Then, it sets out to prove his tendency towards the Abbasid era poetry and poets, and it is shown that Al-Jawahiri’s motives and style have been so influenced by the Abbasid era poetry that, notwithstanding the long time interval, one can claim that he is an Abbasid poet, and it is only the time that has separated him from the Abbasid era poets and has led to his recognition as a contemporary poet.