قبيله كِنْدِه و نقش آن در مهم ترين رويدادهاي عصر جاهلي و صدر اسلام

Kendeh Tribe and Its Role in the Most Important Events of Ignorance Age and Early Islam

شناخت بخش مهمي از رويدادهاي صدر اسلام در گروي شناخت قبايل عرب جاهلي و هنجارها و رويه هاي دروني و كشمكش هاي بين قبيله اي آنهاست. قبيله كنده يكي از قدرتمندترين قبايل يمني قبل از اسلام است كه به دليل داشتن جنگاوراني نيرومند و جسور و سطح آگاهي روساي آن نقش آشكاري در تحولات سياسي صدر داشت. نوشتار حاضر با واكاوي اطلاعات موجود در منابع اوليه چگونگي شكل گيري، نسب، انشعابهاي درون قبيلگي، دين، سرزمينهاي محل سكونت و مهمترين رويدادهاي تاريخ اين قبيله پيش و پس از ظهور اسلام را گزارش كرده است و سپس به چگونگي اسلام آوردن اين قبيله و ريشه يابي ارتداد آنها پس از رحلت پيامبر9 پرداخته است. بخش پاياني مقاله نيز به بررسي نقش مثبت يا منفي برخي شخصيتهاي نامدار اين قبيله در تحولات سياسي و اجتماعي نيمه نخست قرن اول هجري اختصاص يافته است.

Identifying an important part of the events of early Islam depends on the identification of Arab tribes in ignorance age, norms, and internal trends and their intertribal disputes. Kendeh tribe is considered as one of the most powerful Yemeni tribes before Islam and it was of a considerable role concerning the political changes of early Islam due to having strong, courageous warriors as well as the awareness of its heads. The present writing has investigated the data present in the early sources and reported the way of development, origin, intertribal branches, religion, residence, the most important events occurred in this tribe before and after the advent of Islam and then it has studied the way of their believing in Islam and the origin of their apostasy following the departure of Prophet Mohammad PBUH. The last part of the article has been devoted to the investigation of the positive or negative role of some outstanding characters of this tribe within the political and social changes of the first half of the first century after hijrah.