تبيين سناريوهاي مشاركت‌جويانه و دمكراتيك نهادي در ساختار نظام حكمروايي منطقه كلا‌نشهري تهران

Clarification of the Cooperative and Institutional Democratic Scenarios in Governance Structure of Tehran Metropolitan Area

«حكمروايي مناطق كلا‌نشهري» رويكردي نوظهور در اداره و برنامه‌ريزي شايسته، اثربخش، مردم‌سالارانه تمامي عناصر جامعه شهري در يك منطقه كلانشهري قلمداد مي‌شود. در غياب اين رهيافت يكپارچه‌نگر، منطقه كلا‌نشهري تهران به‌عنوان شاخص‌ترين و بزرگ‌ترين منطقه كلا‌نشهري در ايران؛ از جمله مناطق وسيع، پراهميتو درعين‌حال فاقد ساختارهاي يك نظام حكمروايي شايسته، واجد ساختار مديريتي يكپارچه، جاذب مشاركت شهروندي و تمركززدا، عملاً نتوانسته است ظرفيت‌هاي فراوان جذب مشاركت كارآمد، موثر و مردم‌سالارانه شهروندان و نقش‌آفريني نهادهاي برخواسته از آرا و ديدگاه‌هاي آنها در اين منطقه را زير چتر يكپارچه سياستگذاري و اجرا گرد هم آورد و عملا به منطقه‌اي بالاي تفرق روزافزون سياسي و سياستي بدل شده است. اين پژوهش با رويكرد تحليل، توصيفي و تجويزي ضمن بررسي چالش‌هاي رويه‌اي و محتوايي سازوكارهاي غيرمشاركت‌جويانه موجود در عرصه حكمروايي منطقه كلا‌نشهري تهران، چهار سناريو در قالب يك پيشنهاد فرايندمحور ارايه شده است كه در آن ابتدا روش انتخاب غيرمستقيم مدير منطقه كلا‌نشهري و روش انتخاب مستقيم شوراي منطقه كلا‌نشهري مورد تاكيد قرار گرفته و پس از ايجاد بسترهاي سياسي و اجتماعي، روش انتخاب مستقيم مدير منطقه كلا‌نشهري و انتخاب مستقيم شوراي منطقه كلا‌نشهري پيشنهاد شده است.

Citizen participation in a metropolitan area means the manifestation of serious presence, active, deliberate, voluntary, effective and organized participation of society foundations (individuals, families, groups, public and private institutions and departments) in economic, social and cultural activities of individual life in order to achieve social development goals in a metropolitan reign. A concept which has been combined with metropolitan areas governance ideas as a fundamental principle for managing and planning in these areas in recent years, and applied not only in participation in the execution of plans and projects and city social and economic issues, but also in the “selection of managers of different levels of city-reigns”. Tehran metropolitan areas, as the most prominent metropolitan area in Iran; is one of the vast and important areas of Iran, in which citizen participation encountered great challenges due to the multiplicity, diversity and plurality of increased its actors. Although Council of Minsters accepted Tehran as a metropolitan are in Iran settlement (1995), lacks metropolitan governance structures and integrated, area-based and decentralized management and practically didn’t have the efficient capacity to absorb democratic participation of citizens and institutions arising from their votes and attitudes. The goal of this study is to evaluate the procedural and substantive challenges in non-cooperative mechanisms in the management and planning of this metropolitan area in Iran. Research method in this study is developmental in terms of goal and descriptive analysis in term of design. This study, by considering broad patterns of urban management and compliance and localization of patterns, administrative procedures, superior rules and geographical, historical and social situations in Tehran, suggests two scenarios with priority among four scenarios, an indirect method to elect the metropolitan area manager and direct election of metropolitan council after preparing the context for the direct election of metropolitan area manager and direct election of metropolitan council.