بررسي نقش بيگانگي اجتماعي در ونداليسم در بين دانش‌آموزان دوره اول و دوم متوسطه شهر يزد

Explanation of relationship between Social alienation and vandalism among the high school students and Junior in Yazd

يكي از مسائل پيچيده و نگران‌كننده كه توجه بسياري از محققان، جامعه‌شناسان، جرم‌شناسان، روان‌شناسان و متخصصان امور را به خود معطوف داشته است، موضوع بزهكاري نوجوانان است. يكي از انواع بزهكاري نوجوانان ونداليسم است. به همين سبب هدف پژوهش حاضر تعيين نقش بيگانگي اجتماعي در ونداليسم در بين دانش‌آموزان دوره اول و دوم متوسطه شهر يزد است. روش مورد استفاده در اين تحقيق، از نوع پيمايشي است؛ داده‌ها با ابزار پرسشنامه و با استفاده از نمونه‌گيري طبقه‌اي و خوشه‌اي به طور تركيبي و از 635 نفر از دانش‌آموزان مقاطع راهنمايي و دبيرستان شهر يزد گردآوري شده است. اعتبار ابزار به صورت صوري و همچنين تحليل عامل محرز شده و براي سنجش پايايي از ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ استفاده شده است. داده‌ها به كمك نرم‌افزارهاي آماري SPSS و ايموس مورد تحليل قرار گرفتند. يافته‌هاي تحقيق نشان داد بيگانگي اجتماعي و ابعاد آن در ونداليسم و ابعاد آن تأثير مستقيم و معناداري داشت. به عبارت ديگر با افزايش ميزان بيگانگي اجتماعي، ميزان ونداليسم نيز افزايش مي‌يابد. يافته‌هاي پژوهش حاضر با نظريه سيمن در مورد نقش بيگانگي اجتماعي در ونداليسم هماهنگي دارد.

Introduction: One of the complex issues and concerns to the attention of many researchers, sociologists, criminologists, psychologists and experts is the subject of juvenile delinquency. Published statistics show that despite improving lives and livelihoods, and despite the increase in welfare institutions and social services, in most countries for crimes committed by adolescents done with growing pace has increased. Vandalism is one type of the Juvenile delinquency. Vandalism arising from rapid social change, human growth and increasing anomie and frustration of his desires is to achieve this desire. Feel alienated, extortion, anger and hatred they have towards society and the environment that conveys weakness and disorder in the structure of social and cultural norms of society. Iran is a young country in terms of age and is faced with a large number of young people, if this great and dynamic force in the right direction and used, Very valuable opportunity for the community. If you do not pay attention to them, Massive forces are corrupted and can be considered a threat to the country.   Material & Methods: This survey study is practical in terms of content, crosssectional, and extensive. In the current study, the population was all high school students and junior school in Yazd. According to the statistical outcome measured by the Department of Education of Yazd, 20674 students were in high school, and 17818 were in junior school. The Sampling method which applied in this survey study is a sampling of 635 high school students and junior school in Yazd (317 students from in junior schools and 318 students from high schools) Owing to collecting the data, participants filled out a questionnaire. A combination of stratified sampling method and cluster sampling method was applied. Owing to collecting the data, participants filled out a questionnaire. The validity of the data collection tool was ensured through a content validity and its reliability through a Cronbach's alpha. The Cronbach's alpha measured for the main variable (vandalism) was 0.845, and it measured for independent variables as follows: 0.784 for Powerlessness, 0.747 for Normlessness, 0.761 Meaninglessness, 0.737 for Social isolation, 0.823 for Estrangement self and 0.898 for social alienation. The gleaned data were analyzed by the statistical software's, namely SPSS 22. Discussion of Results & Conclusions: The results of descriptive statistics indicate that the total respondents of the survey, 48.5 percent female and 51.5 percent were boys. Of 308 female respondent, 47.7 percent from junior high school and 52.3 percent were high school as well as 52 percent of respondent’s junior high school son study period, 48 percent of the respondents of son were high schools. Findings showed that there was a significant difference between Social alienation of girls and boys. The average social alienation among boys was more than girls. There was a significant and direct relationship between the variables including the powerlessness, normlessness, meaninglessness, social isolation, estrangement self with vandalism. In other words, the Social alienation, the higher will be the level of vandalism. The findings are proof for Seaman's theory regarding the relationship between social alienation to vandalism. Multiple regression results indicated significant effect of three variables including normlessness, meaninglessness, estrangement self has significant meaninglessness plays the most important role in determining variable vandalism. Furthermore, through variance of the linear combination of the independent variables, 18 peresent of the variance in vandalism was explained.