يك مدل برنامه‌ريزي رياضي براي مكان‌يابي پاركينگ‌هاي عمومي غيرحاشيه‌اي (مطالعۀ موردي: منطقۀ مركزي شهر اصفهان)

A Mathematical Programming Model for Offstreet Public Parking Facilities Location (Case Study: The Central District of Isfahan)

با توجه به افزايش جمعيت و رشد ناموزون شهرها از يك طرف و افزايش خودروها از طرف ديگر به‌منظور كاهش ازدحام ترافيكي در مناطق مركزي شهرها، احداث پاركينگ‌هاي غيرحاشيه‌اي به‌عنوان يكي از راهكارهاي مؤثر، مي‌تواند مدنظر قرار گيرد. احداث اين تسهيلات درصورتي‌كه با مديريت، ترافيك با كاهش حجم پارك حاشيه‌اي همراه شود، سبب افزايش عرض مفيد خيابان‌ها و روان‌تر شدن ترافيك خواهد شد. ازآنجايي‌كه ايجاد پاركينگ‌هاي عمومي مستلزم صرف هزينه‌هاي زياد است، لذا تعيين مكان بهينه آن‌ها به شيوه‌اي كه همۀ شهروندان به‌نحو مؤثر از آن بهره‌مند شوند، ضروري است. در اين مقاله با استفاده از تئوري مكان‌يابييك مدل رياضي چندهدفه شامل: بيشينه‌كردن تقاضاي پوشش‌يافته، كمينه‌كردن فاصلۀ پياده‌روي و هزينه‌هاي مختلف، براي مكان‌يابي پاركينگ‌هاي غيرحاشيه‌اي عمومي ارائه شد. در اين تحقيق فاصلۀ پوشش پاركينگ‌ها به‎صورت غيرقطعي فرض شد و انواع مختلف پاركينگ‌ها مدنظر قرار گرفت. درنهايت، مدل‌ پيشنهادي بر روي دو ناحيه از نواحي ترافيكي محدودۀ مركزي شهر اصفهان، پس از برداشت اطلاعات موردنياز، اجرا شد. سپس به‌منظور حل مدل‌ چندهدفۀ ارائه شده، از روش‌ ε - محدوديت استفادهشد كه جواب‌ها، تأييد كارشناسان حمل‌ونقل شهري را به همراه داشت.

The increasing in population and unbalanced urban growth associated with massive use of private cars in metropolitan areas lead to traffic congestions. In order to decrease traffic congestion, it is necessary to bulid public parking facilities. However, finding the best location for such capitalintensive facilities which conveniently serve all citizens is a must. In this paper, using lo The increasing population and unbalanced urban growth associated with massive use of private cars in metropolitan areas lead to traffic congestions. In order to decrease traffic congestion, it is necessary to build public parking facilities. However, finding the best location for such capitalintensive facilities which conveniently serve all citizens is unavoidable. In this paper, a multiobjective model is proposed using location theory. The objectives considered for the public offstreet parking location problem include maximizing covered demand, minimizing walking distance between demand points and new parking facilities and decreasing related costs. Also, parking facilities covering distance were assumed uncertain and different types of parking were considered. Finally, relevant information and data required for implementing the proposed model were collected from two traffic zones in central business districts (CBD) of Isfahan. The εconstraint method was used to solve the multiobjective model and the best points for building new offstreet parking facilities were determined. The results were confirmed by urban transport experts. cation theory a multiobjective model is proposed. The objectives were considered for the public offstreet parking location problem include maximizing covered demand, minimizing walking distance between demand points and new parking facilities and decreasing related costs. Also parking facilities covering distance were assumed uncertain and different types of parking were considered. Finally, relevant information and data required for implementing the proposed model were gathered on two traffic zones in central business districts (CBD) of Isfahan. Then the εconstraint method was used to solve the multiobjective model and the best points for building new offstreet parking facilities were determined. These results were confirmed by urban transport experts.