كليدواژه :
كشاورزي , heritability , صفات زراعي , وراثت پذيري , Correlation coefficients , ژنوتيپ هاي بزرگ , Path analysis , بذر زرد , بذر قهوه اي , تنوع ژنتيكي , Genetic variation , flax
چكيده لاتين :
Oil of regular genotypes of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is used as drying oil in different industries, because of its high level of linolenic acid (>50%). However, oil of new genotypes of flax which have been produced by mutation breeding programs have a very low level of linilenic acid (<2%) and can be used as edible oil. Yellow seed colour can be considered and used as a very good visual marker to distinguish edible-oil varieties of flax from those of industrial types which are usually brown-seeded. Although, yellow seed colour could be associated with higher oil content, it may adversely affect on emergence and seed yield. The objectives of this experiment were to study genetic variation and relation among agronomic traits in brown and yellow-seeded genotypes of flax. The experiment was conducted in Isfahan University of Technology Reseurch Farm, using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in which the genotypes were evaluated for different traits such as emergence, height, maturity, seed yield and yield components. The results showed that there was considerable phenotypic and genotypic variation for seedling emergence, number of bolls per plant and seed yield per plant among the genotypes. Broad-sense heritability was high (52-84%) for number of seedlings /m2, days to 50% emergence, days to maturity and plant height in both yellow and brown-seeded genotypes. Heritability in terms of broad sense for number of bolls per plant, seeds per boll, seed weight and seed yield was estimated as very low (1.99), 28, 47.2 and 23.8 in brown-seeded and 28.9, 11.5, 84.1 and 44.9 in yellow-seeded genotypes, respectively. Seed yield per plant showed a high and possitive correlation with each of basal branching and number of bolls per plant, but a high and negative correlation with number of seedlings/m2. Baseed on regression analysis in all genotypes and also genotypes with different seed colour, the most important components of seed yield per plant were the number of bolls per plant, seeds per boll, and seed weight, respectively. However, number of bolls per plant contributed in the most (90%) of the variation of seed yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that the number of bolls per plant had the most direct and positive effect and indinect effect through the other traits on seed yield per plant.
