طراحي الگوي تعيين نرخ بهينه سود بانكي در ايران

Designing the Optimal Banking Interest Rate Model in Iran

در پژوهش حاضر حوزه هاي شش گانه بانكداري اسلامي، قوانين كلي كشور، مقرارت نظارتي و مديريت ريسك، مديريت دارايي بدهي، ساختار بازار بانكي و اقتصاد كلان بررسي و با آسيب شناسي شيوه فعلي پرداخت سود، الگويي جديد براي رفع اين نقص ها طراحي شد. در اين الگو، با در نظر گرفتن پيشينه سود آوري و كارايي هر بانك، نرخي به صورت درصدي از ميانگين وزني سود قطعي دوره هاي مالي گذشته تعيين و ملاك سود علي الحساب يا تبليغات قرار مي گيرد. سود قطعي پايان دوره نيز به صورت درصدي از سودآوري كل منابع بانك در دوره مالي، به سپرده گذاران اختصاص مي يابد. از مزيت هاي اين الگو، سوق دادن رقابت بانكي به سوي كارايي و كاهش حاشيه سود بانكي، كاهش شكاف پس انداز سرمايه گذاري و آزادي بيشتر در بازار بانكي و بهبود ديد عموم مردم به بانكداري اسلامي است.

In this research، first six areas including Islamic banking، the main laws of the country، macroeconomic trends، supervising regulations and risk management، management of resources and costs and the structure of the banking market have been investigated. Then through pathology of current method of profit payments a new model was designed for the elimination of this defect. In this method، with considering record profitability and efficiency of each bank، a rate is determined as a percentage of the weighted average of realized profit of the previous financial period، and was considered as a criterion for prepayment rate، on account interest and advertising. Also، realized profit as a share of total profitability of the bank will be allocated to depositors. Although، in this model، the prepayment rate of bank should be determined by its disposal but the bank cannot change it without rules. Improving the popular belief of people to the banking system، leading banking competition toward performance، decreasing interest rate، reducing savings-investment gap and more freedom in the banking market are the advantages of this model.