ارزيابي رضايتمندي شهروندان از كيفيت محيطي در فضاهاي شهري (نمونه موردي: پياده‌راه رشت)

(Evaluation Satisfaction Citizens of Environmental Qualities in Urban Spaces (Case Study of Rasht Pedestrian Zone

ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﻫﺎ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻤﻮدﻫﺎي ﺑﺮوز ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﭘﯿﺎده در ﺷﻬﺮ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺿﺎﯾﺘﻤﻨﺪي ﻣﺮدم از ﺣﻀﻮر در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي دارﻧﺪ، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﺷﻬﺮداري رﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﮑﺎري ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯿﻦ ﻣﺸﺎور ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺳﯽ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻓﻖ داﺧﻠﯽ و ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺳﺎزي ﻣﯿﺪان ﺷﻬﺮداري رﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻄﻔﻪ اوﻟﯿﻪ و ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ و آﺛﺎر ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﻧﻔﯿﺲ از دوران ﭘﻬﻠﻮي و ﻗﺎﺟﺎر ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺮدم از ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺳﺮزﻧﺪﮔﯽ، ﭘﯿﺎده ﻣﺪاري، اﯾﻤﻨﯽ، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺧﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي، ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ- زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ، ﭘﺲ از اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺳﺎزي در ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﭘﺮوژه ﺑﺎزآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻮده و ﺳﻨﺠﺶ داده ﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ رﺿﺎﯾﺘﻤﻨﺪي ﻣﺮدم از ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ- زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي در ﭘﯿﺎده راه رﺷﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Pedestrian ways are the most dominant emergence form of public spaces in urbans context that in many developed and under developed countries are taken into consideration because of their direct impact on pedestrian quality of life increase in city and increase of people's satisfaction from their presence in urban spaces. In this regard, Rasht municipality with cooperation of private sector consulting engineers and imitating successful domestic and foreign samples changed the Rasht municipality square (which is known as primary and central sprout of Rasht and contains valuable historical districts and exquisite architectural works from Qajar and Pahlavi era) to pedestrian way. This research aims to study and evaluate amount of people's satisfaction of peripheral qualities such as vivacity, walkability, safety, social security, legibility and sustainability in form of three components: functional, aesthetic-empirical and environmental in Rasht central district after enforcement of pedestrian way project in form of urban regeneration. Research method is descriptive-analytical and quantitative data assessment is done by SPSS. Research results show that the most people's satisfaction of peripheral qualities respectively contains environmental, aesthetic-empirical and functional in Rasht pedestrian way.